System-Wide Hypersensitive Response-Associated Transcriptome and Metabolome Reprogramming in Tomato1[W][OA]

• Published in: Plant physiology (Bethesda) Vol. 162; no. 3; pp. 1599 - 1617
• Main Authors: Etalo, Desalegn W., Stulemeijer, Iris J.E., Peter van Esse, H., de Vos, Ric C.H., Bouwmeester, Harro J., Joosten, Matthieu H.A.J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: American Society of Plant Biologists 29-05-2013
• Subjects: Systems and Synthetic Biology
• ISSN: 0032-0889; 1532-2548
• DOI: 10.1104/pp.113.217471

A novel set of HR-related genes and secondary metabolites depends on WRKY transcription factors in tomato.
The hypersensitive response (
HR
) is considered to be the hallmark of the resistance response of plants to pathogens. To study
HR
-associated transcriptome and metabolome reprogramming in tomato (
Solanum lycopersicum
), we used plants that express both a resistance gene to
Cladosporium fulvum
and the matching avirulence gene of this pathogen. In these plants, massive reprogramming occurred, and we found that the
HR
and associated processes are highly energy demanding. Ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation, hydrolysis of sugars, and lipid catabolism are used as alternative sources of amino acids, energy, and carbon skeletons, respectively. We observed strong accumulation of secondary metabolites, such as hydroxycinnamic acid amides. Coregulated expression of WRKY transcription factors and genes known to be involved in the
HR
, in addition to a strong enrichment of the W-box WRKY-binding motif in the promoter sequences of the coregulated genes, point to WRKYs as the most prominent orchestrators of the
HR
. Our study has revealed several novel
HR
-related genes, and reverse genetics tools will allow us to understand the role of each individual component in the
HR
.