Prevalence, Outcomes, and Complications of Vitamin D Deficiency Among Patients with Multiple Myeloma: Nationwide Burden of Disease

• Published in: Journal of investigative medicine p. 10815589241249998
• Main Authors: Gujarathi, Rahul, Lakhanpal, Manisha Rakesh, Chelikam, Nikhila, Manjani, Divesh, Lahori, Simmy, Akella, Sai Anusha, Shivashankar, Prashanth Gumpu, Savio, Francis Vino Dominic, Ali, Abdirazak Ibrahim, Annareddy, Navyatha, Singh, Aryak, Manjani, Lokesh, Vanga, Prasanthi, Adiga, Avinash
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England 17-04-2024
• Subjects: Medicine; Hematologic Diseases; Hematology; Vitamin D Deficiency; Morbidity
• ISSN: 1708-8267

Multiple myeloma (MM), constituting 10% of hematological malignancies, poses significant morbidity and mortality, especially with skeletal involvement. Bisphosphonate use in MM may lead to severe hypocalcemia due to vitamin D deficiency (VDD), exacerbating bone marrow plasma cell burden. We aimed to assess VDD prevalence and its impact on outcomes in MM patients. A retrospective cross-sectional analysis (2008-2018) of nationwide inpatient data identified adult MM hospitalizations with VDD using ICD-10-CM codes. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to evaluate prevalence, demographics, and outcomes, with significance set at p < 0.05. Among 330,175 MM hospitalizations, 3.48% had VDD. VDD was more prevalent among 50-75-year-olds (61.72% vs. 59.74%), females (53.36% vs. 44.34%), Blacks (23.34% vs. 22.94%), Whites (65.84% vs. 65.79%), higher income brackets (26.13% vs. 23.85%), and those with comorbidities like hypertension (71.12% vs. 69.89%), dyslipidemia (42.47% vs. 34.98%), obesity (13.63% vs. 10.19%), and alcohol abuse (1.61% vs. 1.34%). In regression analysis, VDD in MM patients correlated with higher morbidity (aOR: 1.24, 95%CI: 1.14-1.36) and major disability (aOR: 1.26, 95%CI: 1.20-1.30). MM patients with VDD exhibit worse outcomes, underscoring the importance of recognizing and managing VDD promptly. Further prospective studies are needed to validate our findings and explore the impact of vitamin D supplementation on MM patient outcomes.