Prevalence of periodontal diseases in North Herzegovina

• Published in: Medicinski glasnik : official publication of the Medical Association of Zenica-Doboj Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina Vol. 11; no. 2; p. 385
• Main Authors: Zovko, Ružica, Glavina, Domagoj, Mabić, Mirela, Cvitanović, Stipo, Šarac, Zdenko, Ivanković, Ante
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bosnia and Herzegovina 01-08-2014
• Subjects: Adult; Bosnia and Herzegovina - epidemiology; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Oral Hygiene; Periodontal Diseases - epidemiology; Periodontal Diseases - pathology; Prevalence; Prospective Studies; Smoking - adverse effects; Smoking - epidemiology; Bosnia and Herzegovina
• ISSN: 1840-2445

To investigate effects of smoking on periodontal tissue and the occurrence of periodontal disease in the population of North Herzegovina.
The study included 800 persons of 20-49 years of age (400 smokers and 400 non-smokers), inhabitants of Prozor-Rama Municipality, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Periodontal condition assessment was made by the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs index (CPITN) at representative teeth: 16, 17, 21, 26, 27, 36, 37, 31, 46, and 47.Statistically significant difference between non-smokers and smokers was tested by χ2 test with the level of significance set at p=0.05.
The prevalence of healthy periodontal tissues was lower in smokers than in non-smokers, 25 (6.3%)and 36 (9%), respectively. The prevalence of gingival bleeding, calculus, shallow and deep periodontal pockets was higher in smokers than in non-smokers, although it was not significant. There was a risk between occurrence of deep periodontal pockets and smoking (RR=2). A total of 64 (8%)participants neededonly instructions on proper oral hygiene, 654 (81.8%) prophylaxis and initial treatment,while 21 (2.6%) needed complex periodontal treatment.
Obtained results indicate a high need of preventive measures and the improvement of oral health in the population of North Herzegovina.