Assessment of Missouri River floodplain invertebrates during historic inundation: implications for river restoration

Floodplain connectivity is important to aquatic organisms in large rivers. Anthropogenic alterations regulating the Missouri River have limited connectivity and negatively affected native fauna. Determining the biological response to rare inundation events may be important when considering potential...

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Published in:Knowledge and management of aquatic ecosystems Vol. 412; p. 15
Main Authors: Gosch, NJC, Miller, M L, Dzialowski, A R, Morris, D M, Gemeinhardt, T R, Bonneau, J L
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: 01-01-2014
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Summary:Floodplain connectivity is important to aquatic organisms in large rivers. Anthropogenic alterations regulating the Missouri River have limited connectivity and negatively affected native fauna. Determining the biological response to rare inundation events may be important when considering potential restoration options on a regulated river; thus, we assessed benthic invertebrate and zooplankton communities at three floodplain sites during a historic Missouri River high-water event. Chironomid larvae dominated during most sampling trips and densities were often highest during initial sampling trips with lower densities as high water persisted. Similar trends were evident for rotifer, cladoceran, and copepod densities. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling also showed relatively high dissimilarity of densities between early and late sampling trips for benthic invertebrate and zooplankton communities. As such, short-term inundation may be more beneficial to Missouri River benthic invertebrate (mainly chironomid larvae) and zooplankton production than more prolonged inundation lasting a month or more. Furthermore, restoration projects may be designed at elevations allowing more short-term inundation, which would likely benefit native fishes with additional spawning, nursery, and foraging habitat. Levee setbacks may be an effective restoration option for increasing the amount of habitat available for short-term inundation while potentially providing socioeconomic, flood-risk reduction benefits by enhancing flow conveyance.Original Abstract: La connectivite de la plaine d'inondation est importante pour les organismes aquatiques dans les grandes rivieres. Les modifications anthropogeniques de regulation de la riviere Missouri ont limite la connectivite et affecte negativement la faune indigene. Determiner la reponse biologique a des evenements d'inondation rares peut etre important lors de l'examen des options de restauration possibles sur une riviere regulee; nous avons etudie les communautes d'invertebres benthiques et de zooplancton sur trois sites d'une plaine d'inondation de la riviere Missouri au cours d'un evenement historique d'inondation. Les larves de chironomes sont dominantes pendant la plupart des campagnes d'echantillonnage; les densites etaient souvent plus elevees au cours des campagnes d'echantillonnage initiales et plus faibles quand la submersion persiste. Des tendances similaires sont trouvees pour les densites de rotiferes, cladoceres, et copepodes. L'analyse multidimensionnelle non metrique a egalement montre une dissemblance relativement elevee des densites entre campagnes d'echantillonnage precoces et tardives pour les communautes d'invertebres benthiques et de zooplancton. En tant que telle, l'inondation a court terme peut etre plus benefique a la production d'invertebres benthiques (principalement les larves de chironomes) et de zooplancton de la riviere Missouri que les inondations de plus longue duree, d'un mois ou plus. En outre, les projets de restauration peuvent etre concus a des altitudes permettant des inondations de plus courte duree, qui seraient susceptibles de beneficier aux poissons indigenes avec un habitat supplementaire de fraie, de nurserie et d'alimentation. La rupture de digue peut etre une option de restauration efficace pour augmenter la quantite d'habitat disponible lors d'inondations de courte duree, tout en fournissant potentiellement des benefices socio-economiques de reduction des risques d'inondation en ameliorant les ecoulements.
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ISSN:1961-9502
1961-9502