Collective activity and reelaboration of rules as ressources for mental health: the case of police officers

ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH: Observation of professional relations in a work collective, performed as part of our research work on stress in the police force, led us to question the way the job of police officer is configured in emergency police squads. Adopting an ergonomic approach, we looked at the cause...

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Published in:Travail humain (Paris) Vol. 74; no. 4; pp. 365 - 390
Main Author: Caroly, S
Format: Journal Article
Language:French
Published: 01-01-2011
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Summary:ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH: Observation of professional relations in a work collective, performed as part of our research work on stress in the police force, led us to question the way the job of police officer is configured in emergency police squads. Adopting an ergonomic approach, we looked at the causes of stress in the way work is organised as this can lead to prescription-related imperfections compared with the needs of both users and professionals. Faced with deep-reaching changes in public policy and socially-evolving populations, police officers' work is characterised by critical situations in terms of service relations, which can cause tension. Looked at in this way, stressful situations need to be questioned in relation to the conditions in which the professional activity is performed, i.e. with respect to the individual and collective regulations implemented in order to manage conflicts (in relation to objectives) and the difficulties caused by the tasks themselves. This appears to be preferable to examining stressful situations in relation to the individual fragility of police officers when having to manage violent situations. Indeed, the work collective, together with the team leader, can act as a resource that contributes to activity performance and the preservation of everybody's health. // ABSTRACT IN FRENCH: Dans le cadre d'une recherche sur le stress dans la police, l'observation des relations professionnelles au sein des collectifs de travail a conduit à nous interroger sur les modalités de construction du métier de policier dans les brigades de Police secours. Dans une approche ergonomique, les causes du stress sont à rechercher dans l'organisation de travail qui crée des imperfections dans la prescription par rapport aux besoins de l'usager et ceux des professionnels. Face aux mutations profondes des politiques publiques et à l'évolution sociale des populations, le travail des policiers se caractérise par des situations critiques dans la relation de service pouvant être à l'origine de tensions. Dans cette conception, les situations de stress sont à interroger du côté des conditions de l'activité de travail, c'est-à-dire des modalités de régulations individuelles et collectives mises en oeuvre pour gérer des conflits de buts et les gênes occasionnées par la tâche, et non du côté des fragilités individuelles à gérer les situations de violences rencontrées par les policiers. Le collectif de travail, y compris l'encadrement, apparait comme une ressource pour réaliser l'activité et préserver la santé de chacun.
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ISSN:0041-1868