1598-P: Transcriptional Profiling of the Intestinal Tract in Type 2 Diabetes-Unraveling Pathophysiological Pathways for Therapeutic Insights

• Published in: Diabetes (New York, N.Y.) Vol. 73; p. 1
• Main Authors: Gilliam-Vigh, Hannah, Ellegaard, Anne-Marie, Madsen, Martin R, Jensen, Benjamin Ah, Rigbolt, Kristoffer, Knop, Filip K
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York American Diabetes Association 01-06-2024
• Subjects: Anterograde transport; Balloon treatment; Biopsy; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Endoscopy; Gene expression; Immune system; Large intestine; Mucosal immunity; Pathophysiology; Retrograde transport; Transcriptomes
• ISSN: 0012-1797; 1939-327X
• DOI: 10.2337/db24-1598-P

Introduction and Objective: Investigating the intestinal gene expression in type 2 Diabetes (T2D) may reveal novel insights into its pathophysiology. We conducted a comprehensive investigation to compare gene expression profiles along the entire human intestinal tract of individuals with T2D and healthy counterparts, aiming to identify unique gene expression patterns associated with T2D. Methods: Mucosal biopsies from 16 intestinal sites were collected via anterograde and retrograde double-balloon endoscopy in 12 individuals with T2D and 12 matched individuals. Bulk transcriptome profiles were compared between T2D individuals and healthy individuals. Results: Healthy participants (8M/4F, mean age: 50 years, BMI: 27.1 kg/m2, HbA1c: 5.3%) were compared to individuals of T2D (9M/3F, mean age: 51 years, BMI: 26.8 kg/m2, HbA1c: 6.5%, diabetes duration: 5 years). All were of European descent. Altered mitochondrial function and immune system activity were observed in the ileocecal segment and large intestine, respectively, in individuals with T2D compared to healthy individuals. Conclusion: The notable changes in mitochondrial function and immune system activity in the ileocecal segment and the large intestine of individuals with T2D underscore the complex pathophysiology of the disease and its influence on intestinal function and health. The publicly and freely available database generated from this study provides a comprehensive reference for future research on intestinal gene expression in T2D and is a valuable resource for the exploration of the mucosal transcriptome along the human intestinal tract.