Totem Poles, a New Mode of Cultural Heritage? The Jamestown S’Klallam Tribe’s Efforts to Restore Native Presence, Preserve History, & Combat Settler Colonial Amnesia

• Main Author: Peck, Alexandra M
• Format: Dissertation
• Language: English
• Published: ProQuest Dissertations & Theses 01-01-2021
• Subjects: Archaeology; Artists; Colleges & universities; Cultural anthropology; Cultural heritage; Cultural Resources Management; National parks; Native American studies; Native art; Olympic Peninsula; Puget Sound; Pacific Northwest
• ISBN: 9798534694055

On Washington’s Olympic Peninsula, the Jamestown S’Klallam Tribe (JST) is enacting contested approaches of reclaiming tribal histories threatened by persistent 19th century settler colonial narratives of ethnic erasure. Legally exiled from their capital village in 1871 as a result of government-mandated arson and legal ordinances banning Indigenous individuals from city limits, ancestral JST homelands also include Olympic National Park, popularly lauded as a pristine wilderness area devoid of Native inhabitation. Emanating from the Tribe’s previously unrecognized federal status and history of intermarriage with Scandinavian loggers, tropes of assimilation and extinction contribute to the contemporary non-Indigenous public’s denial of JST existence. By raising totem poles—monuments not historically rooted within JST artistic repertoire, but instead adopted by the Tribe in the 1990s—to commemorate tribal leaders and events, the JST challenges its veiled history in a region known for outdoor recreation and tourism. Reclaiming territory, communicating Indigenous presence, and resisting historical amnesia via totem poles have generated reconciliatory outcomes between the Tribe and non-Natives. However, adopting totem poles as a cultural iconography has also produced discord within the tribal community itself, with critics raising questions about the authenticity of such monuments, as well as concerns about artistic appropriation and “performing” pan-Indigeneity for tourists. Through a lens of resiliency and regeneration, I analyze the JST’s opposition to being consigned to the past and the challenges encountered while representing and redefining their own cultural identity.