Procoagulant Platelets Form an -Granule Protein-covered "Cap" on Their Surface That Promotes Their Attachment to Aggregates

• Published in: The Journal of biological chemistry Vol. 288; no. 41; pp. 29621 - 29632
• Main Authors: Abaeva, A. A., Canault, Matthias, Kotova, Y. N., Obydennyy, S. I., Yakimenko, A. O., Podoplelova, N. A., Kolyadko, V. N., Chambost, H., Mazurov, A. V., Ataullakhanov, F. I., Nurden, A. T., Alessi, Marie-Christine, Panteleev, M. A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 11-10-2013
• Subjects: Cell Behavior; Cellular Biology; Hematology; Human health and pathology; Life Sciences; Subcellular Processes; FACTOR-XIIIA; SUBPOPULATIONS; INTEGRIN ALPHA(IIB)BETA; STIMULATED PLATELETS; THROMBUS FORMATION; ADHERENT PLATELETS; COATED-PLATELETS; GLANZMANN THROMBASTHENIA; GLYCOPROTEIN-IIB-IIIA; FIBRINOGEN
• ISSN: 0021-9258; 1083-351X
• DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M113.474163

Strongly activated "coated" platelets are characterized by increased phosphatidylserine (PS) surface expression, alpha-granule protein retention, and lack of active integrin alpha(IIb)beta(3). To study how they are incorporated into thrombi despite a lack of free activated integrin, we investigated the structure, function, and formation of the alpha-granule protein "coat." Confocal microscopy revealed that fibrin(ogen) and thrombospondin colocalized as "cap," a single patch on the PS-positive platelet surface. In aggregates, the cap was located at the point of attachment of the PS-positive platelets. Without fibrin(ogen) retention, their ability to be incorporated in aggregates was drastically reduced. The surface fibrin(ogen) was strongly decreased in the presence of a fibrin polymerization inhibitor GPRP and also in platelets from a patient with dysfibrinogenemia and a fibrinogen polymerization defect. In contrast, a fibrinogen-clotting protease ancistron increased the amount of fibrin(ogen) and thrombospondin on the surface of the PS-positive platelets stimulated with collagen-related peptide. Transglutaminases are also involved in fibrin( ogen) retention. However, platelets from patients with factor XIII deficiency had normal retention, and a pan-transglutaminase inhibitor T101 had only a modest inhibitory effect. Fibrin( ogen) retention was normal in Bernard-Soulier syndrome and kindlin-3 deficiency, but not in Glanzmann thrombasthenia lacking the platelet pool of fibrinogen and alpha(IIb)beta(3). These data show that the fibrin(ogen)-covered cap, predominantly formed as a result of fibrin polymerization, is a critical mechanism that allows coated (or rather "capped") platelets to become incorporated into thrombi despite their lack of active integrins.