Teenage pregnancy: analysis of risk factors for low birth weight, prematurity and cesarean delivery/Gravidez na adolescencia: analise de fatores de risco para baixo peso, prematuridade e cesariana

The scope of the study was to analyze possible associations between maternal age under 16 years and the weight and gestational age of the newborn child, as well as the occurrence of cesarean delivery. A cross-sectional study was conducted using data of Live Birth Certificates/DN from the National Sy...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Ciência & saude coletiva Vol. 19; no. 3; p. 719
Main Authors: Cruz Santos, Nilma Lazara de Almeida, Costa, Maria Conceicao Oliveira, Amaral, Magali Teresopolis Reis, Vieira, Graciete Oliveira, Bacelar, Eloisa Barreto, de Almeida, Andre Henrique do Vale
Format: Journal Article
Language:Portuguese
Published: Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva - ABRASCO 01-03-2014
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Summary:The scope of the study was to analyze possible associations between maternal age under 16 years and the weight and gestational age of the newborn child, as well as the occurrence of cesarean delivery. A cross-sectional study was conducted using data of Live Birth Certificates/DN from the National System of Live Births/SINASC in Feira de Santana, State of Bahia, Brazil, in the 20062012 period. In the analyses, logistic regression for the odds ratio (OR) and a confidence interval of 95% was used, measuring the strength of association between variables adjusted for confounding factors. Newborns (NB), with low birth weight and underweight, revealed a significant association with maternal age ([menor que o igual a] 16 years) and statistical interaction of inadequate prenatal care and cesarean delivery. In teenage pregnancy under the age of 16 years, cesarean delivery showed a significant association with single marital status (OR 1.24), inadequate prenatal care (OR 1.58) and newborns with low weight (OR 1.34). The data suggest that multiple factors may interfere with the type of delivery and pregnancy outcome of adolescents at an early age, pointing to the importance of investment in policies and actions directed at this group considered highly vulnerable to perinatal and pregnancy complications. Key words Teenage pregnancy, Low birth weight, Prematurity, Prenatal care, Cesarean section Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi analisar possiveis associacoes entre a faixa etaria materna ate 16 anos, com o peso e a idade gestacional do recem-nascido, assim como a ocorrencia de cesariana. Estudo transversal com dados das Declaracoes de Nascidos Vivos/DN obtidos atraves do Sistema Nacional de Nascidos Vivos/SINASC, de Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brasil, no periodo 2006 a 2012. Nas analises, utilizou-se regressao logistica, em razao de odds (OR) e intervalo de confianca de 95 %, medindo a forca de associacao entre variaveis, ajustadas aos fatores de confundimento. Os Recem Nascidos de baixo peso e de peso insuficiente mostraram associacao significante com a faixa etaria materna ([menor que o igual a] 16 anos); e interacao estatistica do pre-natal inadequado e cesariana; em gestantes adolescentes com idade abaixo de 16 anos, a cesariana mostrou associacao significante com estado civil solteira (OR 1,24), pre-natal inadequado (OR 1,58) e Recem Nascidos de baixo peso (OR 1,34). Os dados sugerem que multiplos fatores podem interferir no tipo de parto e resultado gestacional de adolescentes em idade muito precoce, apontando a importancia de investimentos em politicas e acoes direcionadas a esse grupo, considerado de alta vulnerabilidade aos agravos gestacionais e perinatais. Palavras-chave Gravidez na adolescencia, Recem-nascidos de baixo peso, Prematuro, Cuidado pre-natal, Cesariana
ISSN:1413-8123
DOI:10.1590/1413-81232014193.18352013