Networks in Argentine agriculture: a multiple-case study approach/Redes na agricultura argentina: um estudo de caso multiplo/Redes en la agricultura argentina: un estudio de caso multiple
Argentina is among the four largest producers of soybeans, sunflower, corn, and wheat, among other agricultural products. Institutional and policy changes during the 1990s fostered the development of Argentine agriculture and the introduction of innovative process and product technologies (no-till,...
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Published in: | Revista de administração (São Paulo) Vol. 48; no. 2; p. 281 |
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Main Authors: | , , |
Format: | Journal Article |
Language: | Spanish |
Published: |
Universidade de Sao Paulo
01-04-2013
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | Argentina is among the four largest producers of soybeans, sunflower, corn, and wheat, among other agricultural products. Institutional and policy changes during the 1990s fostered the development of Argentine agriculture and the introduction of innovative process and product technologies (no-till, agrochemicals, GMO, GPS) and new investments in modern, large-scale sunflower and soybean processing plants. In addition to technological changes, a "quiet revolution" occurred in the way agricultural production was carried out and organized: from self-production or ownership agriculture to a contract-based agriculture. The objective of this paper is to explore and describe the emergence of networks in the Argentine crop production sector. The paper presents and describes four cases that currently represent about 50% of total grain and oilseed production in Argentina: "informal hybrid form", "agricultural trust fund", "investor-oriented corporate structure", and "network of networks". In all cases, hybrid forms involve a group of actors linked by common objectives, mainly to gain scale, share resources, and improve the profitability of the business. Informal contracts seem to be the most common way of organizing the agriculture process, but using short-term contracts and sequential interfirm collaboration. Networks of networks involve long-term relationships and social development, and reciprocal interfirm collaboration. Agricultural trust fund and investor-oriented corporate structures have combined interfirm collaboration and medium-term relationships. These organizational forms are highly flexible and show a great capacity to adapt to challenges; they are competitive because they enjoy aligned incentives, flexibility, and adaptability. Keywords: contracts, hybrid forms, network of networks, interfirm collaboration, relationships. A Argentina esta entre os quatro maiores produtores de soja, girassol, milho e trigo, entre outros produtos agricolas. As mudancas institucionais e politicas na decada de 1990 incentivaram o desenvolvimento da agricultura na Argentina e na introducao de inovacoes de produtos e tecnologias (plantio direto, aumento do uso de agrotoxicos, transgenicos, GPS) e novos investimentos em plantas de crushing em soja e girassol. Alem de mudancas tecnologicas, uma revolucao silenciosa ocorreu na producao agricola: de uma agricultura de autoproducao ou propriedade para uma agricultura com base no contrato. O objetivo neste trabalho e explorar e descrever o surgimento de redes no setor de producao agricola na Argentina. Sao apresentados e descritos quatro casos que, atualmente, constituem cerca de 50% do plantio total de graos na Argentina: forma hibrida informal, trust, estrutura orientada para o investidor, e rede de redes. Em todos os casos, abordam-se as formas hibridas envolvendo um grupo de atores unidos por objetivos comuns, principalmente para aumentar a producao em escala, compartilhar recursos e melhorar a rentabilidade. Essas formas de organizacao sao altamente flexiveis e mostram grande capacidade de adaptacao aos desafios, alem de serem competitivas, porque tem incentivos alinhados, flexibilidade e adaptabilidade. Palavras-chave: contratos, formas hibridas, rede de redes, colaboracao interfirma, relacoes. La Argentina esta entre los cuatro mayores productores mundiales de soja, girasol, maiz y trigo, entre otros productos agricolas. Los cambios institucionales y politicos que ocurrieron en la decada de 1990 fomentaron el desarrollo de la agricultura argentina y la introduccion de innovaciones de productos y tecnologias (siembra directa, mayor uso de agroquimicos, cultivos transgenicos, GPS) y las nuevas inversiones en plantas de crushing en soja y girasol. Ademas de los cambios tecnologicos, una revolucion silenciosa tuvo lugar en la produccion agricola: de la agricultura de autoproduccion o propiedad a una agricultura basada en el contrato. El objeto en este trabajo es explorar y describir la aparicion de redes en el sector de produccion agricola en Argentina. Se presentan y describen cuatro casos que actualmente representan aproximadamente el 50% del total de siembra de granos en el pais: forma hibrida informal, fideicomiso, estructura orientada hacia los inversores y red de redes. En todos los casos, se analizan las formas hibridas que involucran a un grupo de actores unidos por objetivos comunes, principalmente con el fin de aumentar la escala de produccion, compartir recursos y mejorar la rentabilidad del negocio. Estas formas de organizacion son muy flexibles y muestran una gran capacidad de adaptacion a los desafios. Ademas, son competitivas porque cuentan con incentivos alineados y flexibilidad. Palabras clave: contratos, formas hibridas, red de redes, colaboracion entre empresas, relaciones. |
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ISSN: | 0080-2107 |
DOI: | 10.5700/rausp1088 |