Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (Hamman's syndrome) two cases report/ Pneumomediastino espontaneo (sindrome de Hamman) relato de dois casos

Objective: Describe two cases of spontaneous pneumomediastinum in the same service unit in young patients of different sex and that showed good progress with conservative treatment. Methods: The first case is a male patient, 18, with neck pain on the right side complaints and dysphonia for 2 days. D...

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Published in:Revista de medicina (São Paulo, Brazil) Vol. 95; no. 3; p. 138
Main Authors: Fiori, Luciano Bertipaglia, Peres, Marcus Vinicius Roncada, de Aquino, Jose Luis Braga, Perseguim, Amanda Bishop, Pereira, Douglas Alexandre Rizzanti, Said, Marcelo Manzano
Format: Journal Article
Language:Portuguese
Published: Universidade de Sao Paulo. Departamento Cientifico da Faculdade de Medicina 01-07-2016
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Summary:Objective: Describe two cases of spontaneous pneumomediastinum in the same service unit in young patients of different sex and that showed good progress with conservative treatment. Methods: The first case is a male patient, 18, with neck pain on the right side complaints and dysphonia for 2 days. Denied injuries or ingestion of strange bodies, heavy physical exertion, coughing and vomiting or drug use. CT of the chest and neck revealed the presence of bilateral anterior cervical subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum presence and absence of pneumothorax. The second case to be analyzed it is a female patient, 16 years old, complaining of sudden dyspnea and standard voice change (nasal). It was identified to fine crackling suggestive cervical palpation of subcutaneous emphysema. He denied any probable cause of secondary pneumomedistino. CT of the chest and neck revealed sharp pneumomediastinum extending to the deep neck spaces. Result: Both cases share of signs and symptoms previously described in the literature and had their diagnoses obtained by computed tomography. Symptomatic treatment associated with home was effective in both situations. Conclusions: Spontaneous pneumomediastinum may be underdiagnosed because of its nonspecific signs and symptoms, contributing to their unique character. It is important to establish the differential diagnoses and events to which patients were exposed. Accompanied a detailed history of radiological devices allow precise diagnosis and correct treatment. Keywords: Mediastinal emphysema; Subcutaneous emphysema; Pulmonary fibrosis. Objetivo: Descrever dois casos de pneumomediastino espontaneo na mesma unidade de servico, em pacientes jovens de sexo diferentes e que apresentaram boa evolucao com tratamento conservador. Metodos: O primeiro caso e de um paciente do sexo masculino, 18 anos, com queixa de cervicalgia a direita e disfonia ha 2 dias. Negou traumatismos ou ingesta de corpos estranhos, esforcos fisicos intensos, acessos de tosse e vomitos ou uso de drogas. TC de torax e pescoco revelou presenca de enfisema subcutaneo cervical anterior bilateral, presenca de pneumomediastino e ausencia de pneumotorax. O segundo caso a ser analisado trata-se de uma paciente do sexo feminino, 16 anos, com queixa de dispneia subita e mudanca do padrao de voz (nasalada). Identificou-se crepitacao fina a palpacao cervical sugestiva de enfisema subcutaneo. Negou qualquer causa provavel de pneumomedisatino secundario. TC de torax e pescoco revelou pneumomediastino acentuado com extensao para os espacos cervicais profundos. Resultado: Ambos os casos partilham de sinais e sintomas previamente descritos na literatura e tiveram seus diagnosticos obtidos por meio de tomografia computadorizada de torax. O tratamento sintomatico associado a repouso foi eficaz em ambas situacoes. Conclusoes: Pneumomediastino espontaneo pode ser subdiagnosticado devido aos seus sinais e sintomas inespecificos, contribuindo para seu carater raro. E importante estabelecer-se os diagnosticos diferenciais e eventos a que os pacientes estiveram expostos. Uma anamnese detalhada acompanhada de aparatos radiologicos permitem o diagnostico preciso e tratamento correto. Descritores: Enfisema mediastinico; Enfisema subcutaneo; Fibrose pulmonar.
ISSN:0034-8554