Teamwork in primary care: the experience of Portugal/Trabalho em equipe na atencao primaria: a experiencia de Portugal

Objective. To analyze the work of health care teams delivering primary care in Portugal. Methods. We performed an evaluative research project, with a qualitative case study design. Data were obtained through semi-structured interviews, direct observation, and analysis of documents. We interviewed ma...

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Published in:Revista panamericana de salud pública Vol. 33; no. 3; p. 190
Main Authors: de Souza, Marize Barros, de Medeiros Rocha, Paulo, de Sa, Armando Brito, Uchoa, Severina Alice da Costa
Format: Journal Article
Language:Spanish
Published: Pan American Health Organization 01-03-2013
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Summary:Objective. To analyze the work of health care teams delivering primary care in Portugal. Methods. We performed an evaluative research project, with a qualitative case study design. Data were obtained through semi-structured interviews, direct observation, and analysis of documents. We interviewed managers, workers, and users in 11 family health units (USF) in Portugal, for a total of 71 participants. Content analysis was used to assess the interviews. Results. Teams included a physician, a nurse, and an administrative employee. Each team was in charge of 1250 to 2060 users. A striking characteristic of the Portuguese experience was the voluntary and autonomous setup of teams at the USF, based on personal affinity. The services provided at the USF included a basic "service package" as well as activities of surveillance, health promotion, disease prevention, care of acute disease, clinical follow-up of patients with chronic or multiple diseases, home care, and networking with other services (hospital care). Difficulties in providing home care were reported. Electronic systems were widely available. According to interviewees, the changes resulting from the implementation of USF included improved user access to services, higher quality of care, and goal-oriented teamwork, guided by an action plan. Conclusions. Even without a coordinating role in the health care network, the delivery of primary health care through teams was positively evaluated in Portugal as promoting increased access, continuity, and humanization of health services. Key words Primary health care; interprofessional relations; Brazil; Portugal. Objetivo. Analisar o trabalho em equipe na atencao primaria em saude em Portugal. Metodos. Foi realizada uma pesquisa avaliativa de abordagem qualitativa, com desenho de estudo de caso. Os dados foram obtidos por entrevista semiestruturada, observacao direta e analise documental. Foram entrevistados gestores, profissionais e usuarios de 11 unidades de saude familiar (USF) portuguesas, totalizando 71 participantes. Utilizou-se a tecnica de analise de conteudo na interpretacao das entrevistas. Resultados. Cada equipe era constituida por medico, enfermeiro e funcionario administrativo, atendendo entre 1 250 e 2 060 usuarios. Uma caracteristica marcante da experiencia portuguesa foi a formacao das equipes nas USF de forma voluntaria, por meio de afinidades pessoais, com autonomia de composicao. Observou-se nessas USF o desenvolvimento de "carteira basica de servicos" juntamente com intervencoes de vigilancia, promocao da saude e prevencao de doenca, cuidados em situacao de doenca aguda, acompanhamento clinico de doenca cronica e de patologia multipla, cuidados domiciliares, interligacao e colaboracao em rede com outros servicos (cuidados hospitalares). Foram relatadas dificuldades no atendimento domiciliar. A informatizacao era ampla nas USF. De acordo com os entrevistados, as mudancas advindas da implementacao das USF foram maior acessibilidade dos usuarios aos servicos, maior qualidade do cuidado prestado e trabalho em equipe com objetivos e metas, alem da existencia de um plano de acao. Conclusoes. Mesmo nao tendo assumido um papel de coordenacao da rede de cuidados, a atencao primaria em saude organizada a partir de equipes foi avaliada positivamente em Portugal, como promotora de maior acesso, continuidade e humanizacao dos servicos. Palavras-chave Atencao primaria a saude; relacoes interprofissionais; Brasil; Portugal.
ISSN:1020-4989