Long-term adaptation in lipolysis due to aerobic interval training in rats with metabolic syndrome

• Published in: Journal of exercise & organ cross talk Vol. 4; no. 1; pp. 49 - 57
• Main Authors: Mohammad Reza Yousefi, Golpasand Kohzadi, Mahnaz Omidi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: JEOCT publisher 01-03-2024
• Subjects: atgl; epinephrine; glucagon; hsl; lipolysis; metabolic syndrome
• ISSN: 2783-2074
• DOI: 10.22122/jeoct.2024.464527.1113

Exercise training is known to enhance lipolysis in response to hormonal challenges, but the impact of different exercise modalities on fat metabolism remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of eight weeks of interval training on enzymes and hormones involved fat breakdown in rats with metabolic syndrome, focusing on the expression of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), as well as plasma levels of glucagon and epinephrine. Thirty-five male rats were randomly divided into five groups (7 rats/group): Experimental Group1 (6 weeks of fructose solution), Experimental Group2 (6 weeks of fructose+8 weeks of interval training), Experimental Group3 (14 weeks of fructose), Control Group1 (6 weeks without intervention), and Control Group2 (14 weeks without intervention). Western blot analysis assessed HSL and ATGL expression, while ELISA measured plasma glucagon and epinephrine levels. Fructose consumption for 6 and 14 weeks induced metabolic syndrome in male rats, leading to a significant reduction in HSL and ATGL protein expression (P = 0.024 and P = 0.034, respectively). Interval training for 8 weeks significantly increased HSL and ATGL levels (P = 0.011 and P = 0.025, respectively), indicating enhanced fat tissue breakdown. Moreover, interval training significantly decreased glucagon levels (P = 0.015), though it did not affect epinephrine levels (P = 0.159). Interval training effectively reverses some metabolic syndrome-associated impairments in fat metabolism, specifically increasing key lipolytic enzymes and reducing glucagon levels. This suggests a potential therapeutic role for interval training in managing metabolic syndrome.