Abstract 5768: Genetic screening in a tertiary medical center identifies carriers of cancer predisposition diseases that would be missed by clinical guidelines

• Published in: Cancer research (Chicago, Ill.) Vol. 83; no. 7_Supplement; p. 5768
• Main Authors: Gay, Emily, Samadder, Niloy Jewel, Bublitz, Michelle L., Peterson, Melanie M., Wilson, Tammy A., Bandel, Lorelei A., Armasu, Sebastian M., Vierkant, Robert A., Ferber, Matthew J., Klee, Eric W., Larson, Nicholas B., Kruisselbrink, Teresa M., Curry, Timothy B., Egan, Jan B., Kemppainen, Jennifer L., Bidwell, Jessa S., Anderson, Jennifer L., McAllister, Tammy M., Walker, T'Nita S., Kunze, Katie L., Lindpere, Vanda, Golafshar, Michael A., Klint, Margaret, Presutti, Richard J., Bobo, William V., Sekulic, Aleksander, Bolster, Jolene M. Summer, Willman, Cheryl L., Lazaridis, Konstantinos N.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 29-05-2023
• ISSN: 1538-7445; 1538-7445
• DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.AM2023-5768

Two inherited autosomal dominant cancer predisposition conditions - BRCA related hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) and Lynch syndrome (LS) - are termed Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Tier 1 (CDCT1) genetic conditions, for which early identification and intervention have a positive impact on public health. Selection of individuals for genetic testing for these conditions is based on personal and family history. The goal of this study was to evaluate whether screening in a tertiary medical center using exome sequencing could efficiently identify carriers of HBOC and LS and to determine the frequency of incremental carriers identified outside of traditional clinical practice guidelines.
Participants from three geographically diverse Mayo Clinic practices in the USA (Rochester MN, Phoenix AZ, Jacksonville FL) consented to clinical “Exome+” sequencing (Helix, San Mateo, CA; Mayo GeneGuide, Rochester, MN) in the TAPESTRY study (NCT05212428), which links sequencing data with electronic health records and the return of CDCT1 genetic findings. For this study we focused on two inherited cancer predisposition conditions: BRCA-related HBOC (BRCA1 and BRCA2) and LS (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2 and EPCAM). Detailed chart review to collect demographic information, personal and family history, and assessment of clinical practice guidelines for genetic evaluation (National Cancer Control Network 2021).
To date, 44,306 patients have enrolled and sequenced in TAPESTRY. Annotation and interpretation of all variants in 7 genes for HBOC and LS resulted in identification of 550 carriers (prevalence 1.24%) which included 387 with HBOC (27.2% BRCA1, 42.8% BRCA2) and 163 with LS (12.3% MSH6, 8.8% PMS2, 4.5% MLH1, 3.8% MSH2 and 0.2% EPCAM). Demographics of the cohort included: 62.7% female, mean age 55.2 years, non-white race 9.6% and 3.8% Hispanic/Latino ethnicity. A personal history of cancer was present in 46.4% of test positive patients, including 22.5% of HBOC patients with breast or ovarian cancer and 20.9% of LS patients with colorectal or uterine cancer. More than half of the patients (52.1%) were newly diagnosed with HBOC and LS based on the results of this study. Overall, 39.2% of HBOC/LS carriers identified through Exome+ sequencing did not satisfy NCCN criteria for genetic evaluation, this was higher for LS (56.2%) compared to HBOC (32%). Amongst those newly diagnosed with HBOC/LS (n=286), NCCN criteria were not satisfied in 60% of cases (78% for LS and 51% for HBOC). Of the pathogenic germline variant carriers who met NCCN guidelines for testing, 34.2% were not aware of their diagnosis prior to participation in this study.
Our results emphasize the need for wide genomic screening for CDCT1 cancer predisposition syndromes. Such screening could identify at-risk carriers of HBOC and LS, who would not otherwise be identified through clinical practice guidelines.
Citation Format: Emily Gay, Niloy Jewel Samadder, Michelle L. Bublitz, Melanie M. Peterson, Tammy A. Wilson, Lorelei A. Bandel, Sebastian M. Armasu, Robert A. Vierkant, Matthew J. Ferber, Eric W. Klee, Nicholas B. Larson, Teresa M. Kruisselbrink, Timothy B. Curry, Jan B. Egan, Jennifer L. Kemppainen, Jessa S. Bidwell, Jennifer L. Anderson, Tammy M. McAllister, T'Nita S. Walker, Katie L. Kunze, Vanda Lindpere, Michael A. Golafshar, Margaret Klint, Richard J. Presutti, William V. Bobo, Aleksander Sekulic, Jolene M. Summer Bolster, Cheryl L. Willman, Konstantinos N. Lazaridis. Genetic screening in a tertiary medical center identifies carriers of cancer predisposition diseases that would be missed by clinical guidelines [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 5768.