Evaluation of the Effect of Glycemic Control on Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 and Growth in a Sample of Pre-Pubertal Egyptian Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

• Published in: QJM : An International Journal of Medicine Vol. 116; no. Supplement_1
• Main Authors: Botros, Raef M, El-Sherbeeny, Aliaa A, Barbary, Nancy S El, Ali, Hanan M, Abulayla, Ala M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 23-08-2023
• ISSN: 1460-2725; 1460-2393
• DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcad069.378

Abstract
Background
Pre-Pubertal children with type 1 diabetes mellitus are shorter than their non- diabetic peers. We aimed to evaluate the role of HbAlc and IGF-1 in this phenomenon.
Methods
This study was a cross sectional study conducted on 80 prepubertal Egyptian children, divided into 30 Males and 30 Females with T1DM and 20 age matched controls (10 Males and 10 Females), the participants were recruited from the Outpatient Clinic of the Pediatric Department of Ain Shams University Hospitals and the National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology in Cairo, Egypt during the period from July 2018 to January 2019. Anthropometric measures including height and weight were obtained and used to calculate the height and weight percentiles using the CDC calculators. HbA1c as well as IGF-1 levels were tested.
Results
The mean age (years) of the participants was (9.781 ± 2.23) for male patients, (9.126 ± 2.199) for female patients and (8.437 ± 2.034) for controls. The height and weight percentiles (%) were found to be lower in the children with T1DM when compared to the disease-free controls with median values of 14.50 (IQR 27.98) in male patients, 17.95 (IQR 29.18) in female patients and 87 (IQR 20.58) in the controls. A negative correlation between serum IGF-1(ng/ml) and HbA1c (%) as well as height and weight percentiles (%), was found with (P = 0.014, 0.009 and 0.05 respectively). Serum IGF-1 levels were also found to be significantly lower in patients (P < 0.001) with a mean value of (77.60 ± 69.377) in male patients and (64.0 ± 29.402) in female patients and (201.0 ± 102.798) in the disease-free controls. HbA1c (%) was also found to be negatively correlated with height percentile (P = 0.012).
Conclusion
Serum IGF-1 levels (ng/ml) as well as growth are negatively affected in pre-pubertal children with T1DM in relation to the glycemic control.