Emergence of Trichosporon mycotoxinivorans (Apiotrichum mycotoxinivorans) invasive infections in Latin America

• Published in: Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Vol. 112; no. 10
• Main Authors: Almeida Jr, João Nobrega de, Francisco, Elaine Cristina, Barberino, Maria Goreth M de Andrade, Silva Filho, Luiz Vicente Ribeiro F da, Brandão, Oriana M, Colombo, Arnaldo Lopes, Padovan, Ana Carolina Barbosa
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz 10-05-2019
• Subjects: antifungal susceptibility; Apiotrichum mycotoxinivorans; biofilm; infection; literature review; Trichosporon mycotoxinivorans
• ISSN: 1678-8060

We report the first two cases of Trichosporon mycotoxinivorans
infections in Latin America. We also conducted a literature review and
a microbiological investigation, including that of clinical and
environmental isolates. A 30-year-old man with chronic renal failure
had disseminated infection after dialysis and a 15-year-old boy with
cystic fibrosis (CF) had pulmonary exacerbations with positive
respiratory samples. A review of the relevant literature revealed that
deep-seated infections were related to immunosuppression or invasive
devices, while most of the CF patients showed a decline in lung
function after positive cultures. Phylogenetic analyses revealed three
distinct circulating genotypes. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry analysis
showed similar spectral profiles and correctly identified all
strains/isolates. Biofilm production was documented in a bloodstream
isolate and biofilm-producing cells showed high minimum inhibitory
concentrations against antifungals.