The Phenolic Compounds Profile and Cosmeceutical Significance of Two Kazakh Species of Onions: Allium galanthum and A. turkestanicum

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 26; no. 18; p. 5491
• Main Authors: Kadyrbayeva, Gulnara, Zagórska, Justyna, Grzegorczyk, Agnieszka, Gaweł-Bęben, Katarzyna, Strzępek-Gomółka, Marcelina, Ludwiczuk, Agnieszka, Czech, Karolina, Kumar, Manoj, Koch, Wojciech, Malm, Anna, Głowniak, Kazimierz, Sakipova, Zuriyadda, Kukula-Koch, Wirginia
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 09-09-2021; MDPI
• Subjects: Alcohols; Allium; Allium - chemistry; Allium galanthum; Anti-Infective Agents - chemistry; Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacology; Antiinfectives and antibacterials; Antimicrobial activity; Antioxidants - chemistry; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Biological activity; Biological effects; Cancer; Candida albicans; Chromatography; Composition effects; Cosmeceuticals; Cosmetics; Diethyl ether; Enzymatic activity; Enzyme activity; Enzyme Inhibitors - chemistry; Enzyme Inhibitors - pharmacology; Ether - chemistry; Flavonoids; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Glycosides; High-performance liquid chromatography; Kazakhstan; Liquid chromatography; Metabolites; Minimum inhibitory concentration; Monophenol Monooxygenase - antagonists & inhibitors; Onions - chemistry; Organic acids; Phenolic compounds; Phenols; Phenols - analysis; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Polyphenols; Scavenging; Secondary metabolites; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Staphylococcus aureus; Sterols; Tyrosinase; Vitamin E; Wound healing; Kazakhstan; GC-MS; polyphenols; antioxidants; HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS; tyrosinase inhibition; antimicrobials; Amaryllidaceae; Allium
• ISSN: 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185491

Numerous species of
genus have been used in the traditional medicine based on their vast biological effects, e.g., antimicrobial, digestion stimulant, anti-sclerotic, soothing, antiradical or wound healing properties. In this work, unpolar and polar extracts from two lesser-investigated species of
growing in Kazakhstan,
Kar. & Kir. (AG) and
Regel. (AT), were studied for their composition and biological effects. In the HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS analyses of water and alcoholic extracts simple organic acids, flavonoids and their glycosides were found to be the best represented group of secondary metabolites. On the other hand, in the GC-MS analysis diethyl ether, extracts were found to be rich sources of straight-chain hydrocarbons and their alcohols, fatty acids and sterols. The antimicrobial activity assessment showed a lower activity of polar extracts, however, the diethyl ether extract from AT bulbs and AG chives showed the strongest activity against
ATCC 6633,
ATCC 10876, some species of
(
ATCC 25923 and
ATCC 12228) and all tested
species (
ATCC 2091,
ATCC 10231,
ATCC 90030,
ATCC 14243 and
ATCC 22019) with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.125-0.5 mg/mL. The highest antiradical capacity exhibited diethyl ether extracts from AG bulbs (IC50 = 19274.78 ± 92.11 mg Trolox eq/g of dried extract) in DPPH assay. In ABTS scavenging assay, the highest value of mg Trolox equivalents, 50.85 ± 2.90 was calculated for diethyl ether extract from AT bulbs. The same extract showed the highest inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase (82.65 ± 1.28% of enzyme activity), whereas AG bulb ether extract was the most efficient murine tyrosinase inhibitor (54% of the enzyme activity). The performed tests confirm possible cosmeceutical applications of these plants.