Childhood trauma is associated with depressive symptoms in Mexico City women

• Published in: Revista panamericana de salud pública Vol. 37; no. 4-5; pp. 308 - 315
• Main Authors: Openshaw, Maria, Thompson, Lisa M, de Pheils, Pilar Bernal, Mendoza-Flores, Maria Eugenia, Humphreys, Janice
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Organización Panamericana de la Salud 01-05-2015
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Age of Onset; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Bankruptcy; Bereavement; Child; Child, Preschool; Depression - epidemiology; Depression - etiology; Depressive Disorder - epidemiology; Depressive Disorder - etiology; Disasters; Female; Health Policy & Services; Humans; Infant; Mexico - epidemiology; Middle Aged; Socioeconomic Factors; Trauma and Stressor Related Disorders - epidemiology; Trauma and Stressor Related Disorders - psychology; Urban Population; Violence; Salud de la mujer; child abuse; estrés psicológico; maltrato a niños; stress, psychological; Mexico; México; depresión; depression; Women's health
• ISSN: 1680-5348; 1680-5348

To describe childhood trauma and depressive symptoms in Mexican women and to explore the relationships between number and type of childhood traumatic events and depressive symptoms.
A community-based sample of 100 women was interviewed using a demographic questionnaire, the Life Stressor Checklist-Revised (LSC-R), and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Childhood trauma (trauma at or before 16 years of age) and depressive symptoms were described, and logistic and linear regressions were used to analyze the relationship between childhood traumatic events and current depressive symptoms.
Participants reported a mean of 9.46 (standard deviation (SD): 4.18) lifetime traumas and 2.76 (SD: 2.34) childhood traumas. The mean CES-D score was 18.9 (SD: 12.0) and 36.0% of participants had clinically significant depression (CES-D > 24). Depression scores were correlated with lifetime trauma, childhood trauma, education level, employment status, and number of self-reported current medical conditions. Depression scores were not significantly correlated with age, marital status, number of children, or socioeconomic status. For every additional childhood trauma experienced, the odds of clinically significant depressive symptoms (CES-D > 24) increased by 50.0% (adjusted odds ratio (OR): 1.50; 95% confidence interval: 1.14-1.96), after controlling for number of children, age, education level, employment status, and number of self-reported medical conditions.
The results indicated that the number of childhood trauma exposures is associated with current depression among urban Mexican women, suggesting a need for trauma-informed care in this setting.