Visceral Leishmaniasis: temporal and spatial distribution in Fortaleza, Ceará State, Brazil, 2007-2017

• Published in: Epidemiologia e serviços de saúde Vol. 29; no. 5; p. e2019422
• Main Authors: Almeida, Clarice Pessoa, Cavalcante, Francisco Roger Aguiar, Moreno, Jarier de Oliveira, Florêncio, Caroline Mary Gurgel Dias, Cavalcante, Kellyn Kessiene de Sousa, Alencar, Carlos Henrique
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Brazil 2020
• ISSN: 2237-9622
• DOI: 10.1590/S1679-49742020000500002

To analyze the temporal trend and describe the spatial distribution of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) in Fortaleza from 2007 to 2017.
This was an ecological study using segmented temporal regression and thematic mapping.
Between 2007-2017, 1,660 new cases and 97 deaths were confirmed. The overall incidence rate showed a rising trend (Annual Percent Change - APC=8.7% - 95%CI -3.3;34.1), while the mortality rate (APC=-25.9 - 95%CI -48.5;-10.6) and lethality (APC=-33.0 - 95%CI -53.7;-17.6) showed a falling trend. From 2010-2015 the incidence rate fell (APC=-15.8 - 95%CI -25.1;-4.0), but mortality (APC=18.7 - 95%CI 9.4;50.6) and lethality (APC=40.1 - 95%CI 22.5;72.0) had an upward trend. In 2015-2017, incidence (APC=-24.6 - 95%CI -36.2;-10.3), and mortality (APC=-44.6 - 95%CI -58.8;-17,6) fell, while lethality remained stable (APC=-13.5 - 95%CI -38.7;3.8). High incidence neighborhoods were clustered in the western region of the city, however, mortality and lethality did not present defined spatial patterns.
VL is endemic in Fortaleza, although there was a reduction in the last three years studied.