Myeloma in young age

• Published in: Indian journal of pathology & microbiology Vol. 48; no. 3; p. 314
• Main Authors: Usha, Agarwal, Neeta, Kumar, Prachi, Rai, Madhukar, Singh, R G, Seth, Monika, Saraf, S K
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: India 01-07-2005
• Subjects: Adult; Age Factors; Bence Jones Protein - urine; Female; Humans; Immunoelectrophoresis; Immunoglobulin G - blood; India - epidemiology; Male; Multiple Myeloma - epidemiology; Multiple Myeloma - immunology; Multiple Myeloma - physiopathology; Paraproteinemias; India
• ISSN: 0377-4929

Total 14 cases of myeloma in young age group (<40 years) have been reported out of 178 cases of myeloma in a time period of 7 years (1993-1999). Males predominated overfe males. Like adult myeloma, patients presented mostly with the backache, pain in pelvis, lower spine and weakness in about 60% of cases followed by swelling of bone in 40% of cases. One case presented with bleeding gum, malena and hepatosplenomegaly and was diagnosed as plasma cell leukemia. Radiological examination revealed lytic lesion in almost all the cases with fracture femur and rib in 28.57% of cases. Anaemia and raised ESR was noted in all the cases. Myeloma typing revealed IgG myeloma in 10 cases, light chain myeloma in 3 cases and IgA myeloma in one case. None of the patient was traceable after 2 years. Thus our study concludes that myeloma in the young age in India occurs in increased frequency and clinically presents just like adult and elderly myeloma, but serologically are predominantly of IgG type. There is also an increased frequency of solitary plasmacytoma as compared to adult myeloma.