Chikungunya Virus Vaccines: Viral Vector–Based Approaches

In 2013, a major chikungunya virus (CHIKV) epidemic reached the Americas. In the past 2 years, >1.7 million people have been infected. In light of the current epidemic, with millions of people in North and South America at risk, efforts to rapidly develop effective vaccines have increased. Here,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	The Journal of infectious diseases Vol. 214; no. suppl 5; pp. S500 - S505
Main Authors:	Ramsauer, Katrin, Tangy, Frédéric
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Oxford University Press 15-12-2016
Subjects:	Adenoviridae - genetics Americas - epidemiology Animals Antibodies, Viral - biosynthesis CHIKUNGUNYA Chikungunya Fever - epidemiology Chikungunya Fever - immunology Chikungunya Fever - prevention & control Chikungunya Fever - virology Chikungunya virus - genetics Chikungunya virus - immunology Clinical Trials as Topic Humans Immunity, Cellular Immunity, Humoral Measles Vaccine - genetics South America - epidemiology Vaccines, Synthetic - immunology Vaccinia virus - genetics Viral Vaccines - genetics Viral Vaccines - immunology Viruses - genetics Viruses - immunology measles virus vector adenovirus vector vaccine VSV MVA chikungunya virus viral vectors
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Summary:	In 2013, a major chikungunya virus (CHIKV) epidemic reached the Americas. In the past 2 years, >1.7 million people have been infected. In light of the current epidemic, with millions of people in North and South America at risk, efforts to rapidly develop effective vaccines have increased. Here, we focus on CHIKV vaccines that use viral-vector technologies. This group of vaccine candidates shares an ability to potently induce humoral and cellular immune responses by use of highly attenuated and safe vaccine backbones. So far, well-described vectors such as modified vaccinia virus Ankara, complex adenovirus, vesicular stomatitis virus, alphavirus-based chimeras, and measles vaccine Schwarz strain (MV/Schw) have been described as potential vaccines. We summarize here the recent data on these experimental vaccines, with a focus on the preclinical and clinical activities on the MV/Schw-based candidate, which is the first CHIKV-vectored vaccine that has completed a clinical trial.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Presented in part: Gaps and Opportunities in Chikungunya Research: Expert Consultation on Chikungunya Disease in the Americas, Rockville, Maryland, July 2015.
ISSN:	0022-1899 1537-6613
DOI:	10.1093/infdis/jiw369