Sol-gel synthesis, structural, morphological, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and magnetic properties of Cd doped BaTiO3 nanostructures

• Published in: Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Vol. ahead-of-print; no. ahead-of-print; pp. 1 - 9
• Main Authors: Sherlin Vinita, V., Jeyakumar, S. C., Biju, C. S.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Philadelphia Taylor & Francis 2023; Taylor & Francis Ltd
• Subjects: Barium titanates; Cadmium; Cation vacancies; Coercivity; Diamagnetism; doping; Ferromagnetism; Grain size; lattice contraction; Magnetic properties; Magnetic saturation; Magnetic studies; Nanostructure; Photoelectrons; Room temperature; Sol-gel processes; sol-gel synthesis; X ray photoelectron spectroscopy
• ISSN: 1542-1406; 1563-5287; 1527-1943
• DOI: 10.1080/15421406.2023.2228644

The present study reports the new functionality of room temperature ferromagnetism (RTFM) in non-magnetic Cadmium (Cd) doped BaTiO
3
nanostructures, contrary to pure diamagnetic BaTiO
3
. TEM images show that grain size reduces with Cd doping. XPS analysis indicates that cation vacancies induce RTFM in Cd doped BaTiO
3
. Magnetic study reveals that pure BaTiO3 exhibits diamagnetic like signature, while Cd doped BaTiO
3
show ferromagnetic feature with saturation magnetization (Ms ∼ 9.70x10-3 emu/g), remanent magnetization (Mr ∼ 0.22x10-3 emu/g) and coercive field (Hc ∼ 42.54 Oe), respectively. The current investigation also indicates that the induced RTFM could meet the demand of developing spintronic applications.