Ganglionic permissivity to HSV-1 replication and acyclovir-induced latency: an in vitro model

• Published in: Investigative ophthalmology & visual science Vol. 29; no. 2; pp. 232 - 238
• Main Authors: Millin, JA, Opremcak, EM, Wells, PA, Foster, CS
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Rockville, MD ARVO 01-02-1988; Association for Research in Vision and Ophtalmology
• Subjects: Acyclovir - pharmacology; Animals; Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents; Antiviral agents; Biological and medical sciences; Ganglia - microbiology; Male; Medical sciences; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred Strains; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Simplexvirus - drug effects; Simplexvirus - physiology; Trigeminal Nerve - microbiology; Virus Activation - drug effects; Virus Replication; Induction; Herpesviridae; Alphaherpesvirinae; Rodentia; Latency; Virus; Nervous ganglion; Vertebrata; Eye disease; Mammalia; Herpesvirus hominis 1; Trigeminal nerve; Mouse; Animal; Antiviral; Models
• ISSN: 0146-0404; 1552-5783

HSV-1 is known to establish latent infections in murine trigeminal ganglia. In order to study the genetic influence of the host on permissivity to HSV-1 replication and latency in mouse trigeminal ganglia, an in vitro culture system was developed. Ganglia from HSV sensitive A/J and resistant C57BL/6J mice were harvested and inoculated in vitro with either MP or KOS strains of HSV-1. Infected ganglia were placed in culture for 7 days with or without 150 micrograms/ml acyclovir. Ganglia were then homogenized and assayed for infectious particles or frozen whole for standard immunostaining. A/J ganglia without acyclovir consistently demonstrated a three-fold higher viral replication compared to C57BL/6J ganglia without acyclovir for both MP and KOS. Indirect immunofluorescent staining of actively infected ganglia using rabbit anti-HSV antiserum showed increased staining in A/J ganglionic axons compared to C57BL/6J ganglionic axons. Ganglia from both murine strains showed total suppression of viral replication with acyclovir treatment. Immunostaining for latent viral protein with mouse monoclonal anti-ICP-4 (VP 175) was positive for both A/J and C57BL/6J strains following acyclovir treatment. Desuppression of acyclovir-treated whole ganglia resulted in 54% spontaneous HSV reactivation. These results suggest that: (1) HSV-1 can establish an active infection in whole murine trigeminal ganglia in vitro; (2) HSV-1 replicates to a greater extent in A/J ganglia compared to C57BL/6 ganglia; and (3) in vitro HSV-1 ganglionic infection in both murine strains is equally suppressed to a latent state by acyclovir treatment.