Health needs analysis based on the functional assessment of workers seen in primary care/Analise de demandas a partir de uma avaliacao funcional de trabalhadores atendidos na atencao primaria a saude

• Published in: Revista brasileira de medicina do trabalho Vol. 19; no. 2; p. 122
• Main Authors: Silva-e-Dutra, Fabiana Caetano Ma, Barcelos, Joyce Lorena Maia, Kososki, Edinara, Cavalcanti, Alessandra
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Associacao Nacional de Medicina do Trabalho 01-04-2021
• ISSN: 1679-4435
• DOI: 10.47626/1679-4435-2020-564

Introduction: Illness in workers and the configuration of health care services for this population constitute a major public health challenge in Brazil. Objectives: To evaluate factors associated with the activities and participation components of functioning in workers seen in primary care. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 111 workers who completed a sociodemographic, occupational, and health questionnaire, as well as the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0. Results were analyzed using descriptive methods, the Mann-Whitney U test, and Spearman correlation coefficients. Results: Most workers were women (63.1%), with a mean age of 36.54 years, single (48.6%), with secondary education (33.3%), and a sedentary lifestyle (68.5%). Over 70% rated their health as "very good/good," were actively employed, and reported difficulties on at least one item of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule. Carrying out household activities, working, standing up, learning new tasks, and dealing with strangers were the items most frequently associated with mild/ moderate disability. Walking for long distances, feeling emotionally affected, and engaging in community activities were the items for which the most severe/extreme difficulties were reported. Functioning was associated with education (p = 0.009), occupational status (p = 0.000), and perceived health (p = 0.000). The results indicated that less-educated individuals who were not actively working and had poor perceived health had the highest levels of disability. Conclusions : Our results identified several functional difficulties in the working population. Interdisciplinary strategies are needed to address the activity limitations and restrictions to participation in workers seen in primary care. Keywords :international classification of functioning; disability and health; occupational health; primary health care; health assessment. Introducao: O adoecimento do trabalhador e a configuracao da rede de cuidados a sua saude tem sido apontados como desafios para a saude publica no Brasil. Objetivos: Avaliar fatores associados as demandas funcionais, nos componentes atividade e participacao, de trabalhadores atendidos na atencao primaria. Metodos : Estudo transversal com 111 trabalhadores avaliados por questionario sociodemografico, ocupacional e de saude e pelo World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0. Empregou-se analise descritiva, teste U de Mann-Whitney e correlacao de Spearman. Resultados: A maioria dos trabalhadores era do sexo feminino (63,1%), com idade media de 36,54 anos, solteiros (48,6%), com ensino medio completo (33,3%) e sedentarios (68,5%). Mais de 70% autoavaliaram a saude como "muito boa/boa", estavam ativos no trabalho e relataram dificuldade em pelo menos um item do World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule. Atividades domesticas, trabalho, manter-se de pe, aprender novas tarefas e lidar com desconhecidos foram itens avaliados com incapacidade leve/moderada. Caminhar grandes distancias, sentir-se emocionalmente afetado e engajamento em atividades comunitarias apresentaram dificuldade grave/extrema. As demandas funcionais foram associadas com escolaridade (p = 0,009), situacao no trabalho (p = 0,000) e autoavaliacao de saude (p = 0,000). Os resultados indicam que trabalhadores com menor escolaridade, afastados do trabalho e com pior autopercepcao de saude apresentam mais incapacidade. Conclusoes: Os resultados identificaram demandas funcionais em trabalhadores e indicam a necessidade de direcionar acoes interdisciplinares para diminuir limitacoes em atividades e restricoes na participacao da populacao trabalhadora atendida na atencao primaria. Palavras-chave: classificacao internacional de funcionalidade; incapacidade e saude; saude do trabalhador; atencao primaria a saude; avaliacao em saude.