Seasonal nutrient content variation in avocado leaves of 'Geada', 'Fortuna' and 'Quintal' genotypes/Variacao sazonal do teor de nutrientes em folhas de abacateiros dos genotipos Geada, Fortuna e Quintal

Avocado is an important fruit for fresh consumption and as raw material for several industries. In order to obtain good productivity and fruit quality, adequate plant nutrition is essential. However, information on the relationship between time of year, phenology and nutritional status of plants of...

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Published in:Revista Brasileira de fruticultura Vol. 45; no. 4
Main Authors: Zanata, Renan Moises Paneghini, Cazetta, Jairo Osvaldo, Barbosa, Paula Wellen Goncalves
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Portuguese
Published: Sociedade Brasileira de Fruticultura 01-07-2023
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Summary:Avocado is an important fruit for fresh consumption and as raw material for several industries. In order to obtain good productivity and fruit quality, adequate plant nutrition is essential. However, information on the relationship between time of year, phenology and nutritional status of plants of different genotypes is difficult to compare, as most data are obtained from plants of different ages, planted in soils with different fertility levels, different management strategies and most cultivated under edaphoclimatic conditions different from those of Brazil. This study evaluated the seasonal nutrient content variation of avocado leaves, genotypic differences, the relationship with phenological stages and the periods of greater nutrient content stability in 'Fortuna', 'Geada' and 'Quintal' avocado genotypes cultivated in the municipality of Jardinopolis-SP, Brazil. All plants aged 30 years, were randomly planted within the same area and submitted to the same cultural treatments and management. Nutrient contents are more stable during the flowering phase (July to September) and in the final phase of fruit formation (February to March). In most of the cycle, 'Geada' plants have lower S, P and Zn levels compared to 'Fortuna' and 'Quintal' genotypes. 'Fortuna' genotype has higher Ca, Mg and Mn levels than the others at the time of fruit harvest (April to June). In the budding phase of the three genotypes (October), increase in N, P, K, S, Cu, Zn contents and decrease in Ca, Mg and Mn contents were observed. Index terms: Persea americana, phenology, flowering, fruiting, macronutrients, micronutrients. O abacate e uma fruta importante como alimento in natura e como materia-prima para varias industrias. Para ter boa produtividade e qualidade de frutos, a nutricao adequada das plantas e fundamental. Entretanto, informacoes sobre a relacao entre a epoca do ano, a fenologia e o estado nutricional de plantas de distintos genotipos sao de dificil comparacao, pois a maioria dos dados e obtida de plantas com diferentes idades, plantadas em solos com diferentes fertilidades, distintas formas de manejo e a maioria em condicoes edafoclimaticas diferentes das brasileiras. Neste trabalho, foram estudados a variacao sazonal do teor de nutrientes nas folhas, as diferencas genotipicas, a relacao com os estadios fenologicos e os periodos de maior estabilidade dos teores, em plantas dos genotipos: 'Fortuna', 'Geada' e 'Quintal', cultivadas em Jardinopolis-SP, Brasil. Todas as plantas tinham 30 anos de idade, plantadas aleatoriamente dentro de uma mesma area e submetidas aos mesmos tratos culturais e manejo. Os teores dos nutrientes ficam mais estaveis durante a fase de florescimento (julho a setembro) e na fase final de formacao dos frutos (fevereiro e marco). Na maior parte do ciclo, as plantas do 'Geada' apresentam menores teores de S, P e Zn que 'Fortuna' e "Quintal'. O 'Fortuna' apresenta maiores teores de Ca, Mg e Mn que os demais na epoca da colheita dos frutos (abril a junho). Na fase de brotacao dos tres genotipos (mes de outubro), ocorre elevacao dos teores de N, P, K, S, Cu e Zn, e diminuicao dos teores de Ca, Mg e Mn. Termos para indexacao: Persea americana, fenologia, florescimento, frutificacao, macronutrientes, micronutrientes.
ISSN:0100-2945
DOI:10.1590/0100-29452023425