Biological activity of soil cultivated with pigeon pea under different fertilization managements/Atividade biologica do solo cultivado com feijao-guandu sob diferentes manejos de adubacao

• Published in: Ciência rural Vol. 54; no. 11; p. 1
• Main Authors: Bicalho, Thais Ferreira, Souza, Gabriel Correa, Pegoraro, Rodinei Facco, Duarte, Ana Clara Santos, Alves, Pablo Fernando Santos, Silva, Uliana Cardoso, Ferreira, Evander Alves, Frazao, Leidivan Almeida
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria 01-11-2024
• Subjects: Brasil
• ISSN: 0103-8478
• DOI: 10.1590/0103-8478cr20220635

Fertilization management of pigeon peas can increase soil quality and the N utilization by plants. Therefore, we evaluated the biological activity of soil cultivated with pigeon peas (Cajanus cajan (L) Millsp.) under different fertilization treatments. A randomized block design was used with three replicates and a 3x5 factorial arrangement (genotype x fertilization and inoculation management). At full flowering stage, the plants were collected and shoot dry matter was evaluated. Soil was sampled at 0-20 cm for various analysis viz. nodulation assessment; soil organic carbon; total nitrogen; carbon and nitrogen from microbial biomass; C/N ratio; [beta]-glucosidase and urease enzymatic activity. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and Tukey's test (P [less than or equal to] 0.05). A Pearson correlation matrix was constructed, and the similarity between treatments was evaluated using the Mahalanobis distance and grouping was done using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA). Both the experimental genotypes (BRS03 and BRS04) showed similar nodulation and shoot dry matter pattern with respect to fertilizer treatments. Furthermore, the microbial inoculation promoted a higher shoot dry matter content in all the genotypes. The application of mineral N and inoculation increased the total N content in the soil, favoring the mineralization of this nutrient. During the testing phase, the genotypes exhibited an increase in microbial carbon and microbial quotient levels, indicating an improvement in soil quality. The combination of fertilization and inoculation increased the enzymatic activity of [beta]-glucosidase and urease. The correlation matrix showed a strong association between N total and C/N ratio. The formation of groups by UPGMA was observed as a function of inoculation, demonstrating its effect on soil biological variables. Key words: [beta]-glucosidase, Cajanus cajan (L) Millsp., nitrogen fixing bacteria, soil quality, urease. O manejo da adubacao do feijao-guandu pode melhorar a qualidade do solo e o aproveitamento do N pelas plantas. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar a atividade biologica do solo cultivado com feijao guandu (Cajanus cajan (L) Millsp.) com diferentes manejos de adubacao. Empregou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados, com tr s repetic es e arranjo fatorial 3x5 (genotipos x fertilizacao e manejo de inoculacao). Na fase de florescimento pleno procedeu-se a coleta da planta, para determinacao da massa seca da parte aerea e do solo em 0-20 cm, para avaliac es da nodulacao; carbono org nico total; nitrog nio total; carbono e nitrog nio da biomassa microbiana; relacao C/N; atividade enzimatica de [beta]-glucosidase e urease. Os dados foram submetidos analise de vari ncia e ao teste Tukey (P [less than or equal to] 0,05). Foi constru da uma matriz de correlac es de Pearson, a similaridade entre os tratamentos foi avaliada pela dist ncia de Mahalanobis e o agrupamento pelo metodo de pares nao ponderados com media aritmetica (UPGMA). Ambos genotipos experimentais (BRS03 e BRS04) apresentaram comportamento semelhante para nodulacao e padrao de materia seca da parte aerea semelhantes em relacao aos tratamentos com adubacao. A aplicacao de N mineral e inoculacao incrementou o N total do solo, favorecendo a mineralizacao deste nutriente. Durante as fases de testes, os genotipos obtiveram elevacao nos teores de carbono microbiano e quociente microbiano, indicando melhoria da qualidade do solo. A combinacao de adubacao e inoculacao aumentou a atividade das enzimas [beta]-glicosidase e urease. A matiz de correlacao demonstrou elevada associacao entre N total e relacao C/N. A formacao dos grupos pelo UPGMA foi obtida em funcao da inoculacao, evidenciando seu efeito sobre as variaveis biologicas do solo. Palavras-chave: [beta]-glicosidase, Cajanus cajan (L) Millsp., bacterias fixadoras de nitrog nio, qualidade do solo, urease.