Evidence of a dietary selection for methionine by the piglet

• Published in: Journal of animal science Vol. 84; no. 2; pp. 379 - 386
• Main Authors: Roth, F. X, Meindl, C, Ettle, T
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Savoy, IL Am Soc Animal Sci 01-02-2006; American Society of Animal Science
• Subjects: amino acid composition; Amino Acids - blood; animal age; Animal Feed - analysis; Animal productions; Animals; Biological and medical sciences; blood chemistry; body weight; choice feeding; diet; Diet - veterinary; Eating - physiology; essential amino acids; feed intake; Feeding Behavior - physiology; feeding preferences; Female; Food Preferences; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; liveweight gain; Male; methionine; Methionine - physiology; nutrient deficiencies; piglets; Random Allocation; Swine - growth & development; Swine - physiology; swine feeding; temporal variation; Terrestrial animal productions; Time Factors; Urea - blood; Vertebrates; piglet; Feeding preference; Aminoacid; Selection; Methionine
• ISSN: 0021-8812; 1525-3163
• DOI: 10.2527/2006.842379x

The objective of the current study was to investigate if there is a preference of piglets for diets varying in Met content and whether these preferences change with time. For this purpose, a feeding trial was carried out over a period of 6 wk. Piglets (equal numbers of males and females) with an initial BW of 7.2 ± 0.1 kg were randomly subdivided into 4 groups of 12 pigs each. Two reference groups were fed either 0.19% Met (low-Met group) or 0.26% Met (high-Met group) diets. Two other groups had the choice between 2 diets containing 0.19 or 0.23% Met (Met-choice 1 group), or 0.19 or 0.26% Met (Met-choice 2 group). Compared with the low-Met group (397 g), daily feed intake was increased by 43%, 60%, and 82% (P < 0.05) in the Met-choice 1, Met-choice 2, and the high-Met group, respectively. Piglets on the Met-choice 1 and Met-choice 2 groups, respectively, selected 72 and 80% of the higher Met diet. In the first week, piglets on both Met-choice groups selected the diets at random, but they increased their preference for the diets higher in Met up to 81 and 89%, respectively, in the last experimental week. For the total experiment, mean Met contents of total diets were 0.22 and 0.25% in the Met-choice 1 and Met-choice 2 groups, respectively. Average daily gain of 195 g in the low-Met group was more than doubled (P < 0.05) in the high-Met group. Daily gains of 306 and 366 g in the Met-choice 1 and 2 groups, respectively, were (P < 0.05) improved compared with the low-Met group but lower (P < 0.05) than in the high-Met group. Plasma Met concentration of 46.3 [micro]mol/mL in the Met-choice 2 group was greater than in the low-Met or the Met-choice 1 groups (25.3 and 32.8 [micro]mol/mL, respectively) but lower (P < 0.05) compared with the high-Met group (59.6 [micro]mol/mL). Conversely, the sum of essential AA showed a greater (P < 0.05) concentration in plasma from pigs on the low-Met and Met-choice 1 groups than in plasma from pigs on Met-choice 2 group and the high-Met group. In conclusion, the present data demonstrate that piglets are able to discriminate among diets of varying Met content. When given a choice, they prefer a diet better balanced for Met to a Met-deficient diet. As a result of the altered feeding pattern, piglets are able to partly redress the depressed performance and altered plasma AA pattern resulting from the ingestion of the diet more limiting in Met concentration.