Effects of ketanserin on pulmonary hemodynamics, lung mechanics, and gas exchange in endotoxemic pigs

• Published in: American journal of veterinary research Vol. 47; no. 10; p. 2193
• Main Authors: Olson, N C, Grizzle, M K, Anderson, D L
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01-10-1986
• Subjects: Animals; Blood Pressure - drug effects; Cardiac Output - drug effects; Endotoxins - antagonists & inhibitors; Endotoxins - blood; Endotoxins - toxicity; Ketanserin - pharmacology; Lung - drug effects; Lung - physiopathology; Pulmonary Gas Exchange - drug effects; Swine; Swine Diseases - physiopathology; Vascular Resistance - drug effects
• ISSN: 0002-9645

The effects of ketanserin on pulmonary hemodynamics, lung mechanics, and gas exchange were determined in anesthetized 10- to 14-week-old pigs after they were endotoxemic for 1 or 4.5 hours. Saline solution was given to controls (group 1). Escherichia coli endotoxin (055-B5) was infused IV at a dosage of 5 micrograms/kg for 1 hour (group 2). In group 3, endotoxin was infused at 5 micrograms/kg the first hour plus a continuous infusion of endotoxin at 2 micrograms/kg/hr. Ketanserin, a specific serotonin receptor antagonist, was infused IV (300 micrograms/kg) after pigs were endotoxemic for 1 or 4.5 hours (groups 2 and 3, respectively). At 1 hour of endotoxemia, mean pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance were increased, and cardiac index was decreased. Ketanserin caused a small attenuation of the increases in mean pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance, indicating that serotonin may have a small role in the endotoxin response at 1 hour. At 4.5 hours of endotoxemia, mean pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance, alveolar dead space ventilation, and alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient were increased, and cardiac index and lung dynamic compliance were decreased; ketanserin significantly attenuated the endotoxin-induced changes in cardiac index, mean pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance, and lung dynamic compliance. Ketanserin also decreased the blood temperature after pigs were endotoxemic for 4.5 hours. However, the endotoxin-induced increases (at 4.5 hours) in alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient and alveolar dead space ventilation were not acutely reversed by ketanserin.