Effect of carbon additive on increases in the growth rate of 2 in GaN single crystals in the Na flux method

• Published in: Journal of crystal growth Vol. 310; no. 17; pp. 3946 - 3949
• Main Authors: Kawamura, Fumio, Morishita, Masanori, Tanpo, Masaki, Imade, Mamoru, Yoshimura, Masashi, Kitaoka, Yasuo, Mori, Yusuke, Sasaki, Takatomo
• Format: Journal Article Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 15-08-2008; Elsevier
• Subjects: A2. Single crystal; A3. Liquid phase epitaxy (LPE); B1. Carbon; B1. Nitrides; B2. GaN; Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology; Exact sciences and technology; Growth from melts; zone melting and refining; Liquid phase epitaxy; deposition from liquid phases (melts, solutions, and surface layers on liquids); Materials science; Methods of crystal growth; physics of crystal growth; Methods of deposition of films and coatings; film growth and epitaxy; Physics; Theory and models of crystal growth; physics of crystal growth, crystal morphology and orientation; B1. Nitrides; A3. Liquid phase epitaxy (LPE); B2. GaN; B1. Carbon; A2. Single crystal; 81.15.Lm; 61.72.Ef; LPE; Growth rate; Polycrystals; Crucibles; Secondary ion mass spectrometry; Carbon additions; Gallium nitride; Monocrystals; Crystal growth from melts; III-V semiconductors
• ISSN: 0022-0248; 1873-5002
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2008.06.008

We found that a carbon additive could suppress the unfavorable generation of polycrystals in a crucible without reduction in the yield of GaN in the Na flux method. The suppression of polycrystals due to the effect of carbon significantly increased the growth rate of liquid phase epitaxy (LPE), which has been the biggest problem of the Na flux LPE, and enabled an increase in the growth rate above 20
μm/h. A 3
mm-thick 2
in GaN crystal was obtained for the first time. In addition, the carbon additive was found to have another effect in that the nonpolar face could be widely developed. SIMS measurements revealed that carbon added into a Ga–Na mixed melt was hardly taken into LPE crystals, although carbon did have some favorable effects.