Early and late operation of cleft lip and intelligence quotient and psychosocial development in 3–7 years

• Published in: Early human development Vol. 91; no. 2; pp. 149 - 152
• Main Authors: Petráčková, Irena, Zach, Jiří, Borský, Jiří, Černý, Miloš, Hacklová, Renata, Tvrdek, Miroslav, Janota, Jan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Ireland 01-02-2015
• Subjects: Advanced Basic Science; Age Factors; Anesthesia, General - adverse effects; Anesthesia, General - psychology; Child Development; Cleft Palate - surgery; Female; Humans; Infant; Intelligence; Intelligence Tests; Male; Neonatal and Perinatal Medicine; Oral Surgical Procedures - adverse effects; Oral Surgical Procedures - psychology; SON-R; Hogrefe/Snijders-Oomen Non-Verbal Intelligence Test — Revised; Cleft lip; N-methyl- d-aspartate glutamate; IQ; Psychosocial development; gamma-aminobutyric acid; SD; The Child Health Questionnaire 50; NMDA; GABA; Anesthesia; intelligence quotient; CHQ 50; standard deviation; Intelligence quotient
• ISSN: 0378-3782; 1872-6232
• DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2014.12.015

Abstract Background Early and late operations of the cleft lip represent exposure to general anesthesia during the first year of life. The early exposure to the anesthetics may influence long term neurological outcome. Timing of the operation may also influence the quality of life as babies with early repair might be accepted better by their families. Aims The aim of the study was to compare outcomes between two groups of patients operated on for the cleft lip in the first year of life. Study design Observational cohort study. Subjects Early repair group included patients operated on in the first eight days of life and late repair group those operated on between 3 and 10 months. Outcome measures Intelligence quotient (IQ) and psychosocial development of children who were operated on for cleft lip were compared at the age of 3–7 years. Results No differences were found between early (n = 15) and late (n = 17) repair group in terms of IQ. In both IQ was within the normal range: 100.00 (SD 13.867), 98.76 (SD 10.109), respectively. Significantly better results in physical functioning (P = 0.042) and self-esteem (P = 0.014) concepts in early repair group were found. Conclusions We compared outcomes of two groups of patients operated on for cleft lip in the first year of life. The earlier anesthesia did not show a negative impact on intelligence quotient in 3–7 years compared to later anesthesia. The earlier repair of the cleft lip showed a significant positive impact on psychosocial development in 2 out of 13 concepts tested.