Prenatal Acute Stress Attenuated Epileptiform Activities in Neonate Mice

• Published in: Cell journal (Yakhteh) Vol. 12; no. 1; pp. 81 - 86
• Main Authors: Heshmatian, Behnam, Roshan-Milani, Shiva, Saboory, Ehsan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Tehran Royan Institute of Iran 01-04-2010; Royan Institute (ACECR), Tehran
• Subjects: Epilepsy; Hippocampus; Mice; Neonatal; Prenatal; Stress
• ISSN: 2228-5806; 2228-5814

Objective: Development of the central nervous system (CNS) is dependent on interactionsbetween genetic and epigenetic factors, some of which could affect the susceptibilityof the developing brain to damaging insults. Gestational stress has been shown as a potentialfactor associated with higher risk of developing certain neurological and psychiatricdisorders. This study tested the hypothesis that maternal stress influences the risk ofepilepsy in offsprings.Materials and Methods: Pregnant mice were exposed to restraint stress twice a day forthree days at the start of the last week of gestation. Ten days after birth, the intact hippocampiof the newborn mice were excised and prepared for investigation. The hippocampiwere bathed in low magnesium artificial cerebrospinal fluid to induce field potential,and the subsequent spontaneous seizure-like events of the CA1 neurons were recorded.Plasma corticosterone was measured using a commercial radioimmunoassay (RIA) kitand the values were expressed as μg/100 ml.Results: Both the number of recurrent seizures and the duration of seizure activity werereduced in the stressed group compared to the controls (p<0.001). Stress induced a significantrise in serum corticosterone levels in both pregnant mice and in their newbornpups (p<0.001).Conclusion: These findings suggest that acute prenatal stress, which may mimic acutestress in human pregnancy, is a likely factor affecting seizure control in childhood temporallobe epilepsy. The underlying inhibitory mechanism may be an increase in the level ofneurosteroids both in the blood and the brain.