Effectiveness of some plant extracts in biocontrol of induced onion basal rot disease in greenhouse conditions

• Published in: AMB Express Vol. 14; no. 1; p. 72
• Main Authors: Hegazy, Mohamed G. A., Ahmed, Abdel-Raddy M., Yousef, Ahmed Fathy, Ali, Waleed M., Nasr, Alyaa, Elshazly, Ezzat H., Shalaby, Mohamed E., Teiba, Islam I., Al-Bedak, Osama A. M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 14-06-2024; Springer Nature B.V; SpringerOpen
• Subjects: Acetaldehyde; Allium cepa; Amino acids; Artemisia absinthium; Basal rot; Biological control; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biotechnology; Calotropis procera; Crop diseases; Dietary minerals; Disease control; Effectiveness; Fungicides; Fusarium oxysporum; Gas chromatography; GC–MS analysis; Greenhouses; Herbal medicine; Latex; Life Sciences; Mass spectroscopy; Methanol; Microbial Genetics and Genomics; Microbiology; Moringa oleifera; Onions; Original; Original Article; Pathogens; Pesticides; Phytochemicals; Plant extracts; Plant sciences; Secondary metabolites; Seeds; Syzygium aromaticum; Vitamins; Weight; White people; Egypt; Secondary metabolites; GC–MS analysis; Artemisia absinthium; Moringa oleifera; Calotropis procera; Syzygium aromaticum
• ISSN: 2191-0855; 2191-0855
• DOI: 10.1186/s13568-024-01721-4

One of Egypt’s most notable and historically significant vegetable crops is the Liliaceae plant,
Allium cepa
L. In this study, the effectiveness of methanolic extracts of
Artemisia absinthium
leaves,
Calotropis procera
latex,
Moringa oleifera
seeds, and
Syzygium aromaticum
clove was investigated in vitro and, in a greenhouse, setting against
Fusarium oxysporum
, the pathogen that causes onion basal rot in Assiut Governorate, Egypt. The
S. aromaticum
extract exhibited the inhibition peak (63.3%), whereas the
A. absinthium
extract had the lowest inhibition impact against
F. oxysporum
growth (41.1%). The gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC–MS) analysis revealed that 82 important compounds, with abundances ranging from low to high, were present in the tested
S. aromaticum
’s methanolic extract. The primary components were acetaldehyde, hydroxy- and 2-propanone, 1,1,3,3-tetrachloro-(42.71%), 1,2-ethanediol, and methyl alcohol (34.01%). In comparison to the infected control, the disease severity was significantly reduced by 20% with the use of a plant extracts mixture and Dovex 50% and increased by 62.22% with the use of an extract from
A. absinthium
. When compared to the infected control, onion plant fresh weight and dry weight were considerably higher under the clove extract therapy. The plant extracts used in this study’s testing contain a number of active ingredients, including amino acids, vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and enzymes, which is probably why they have such positive impacts. The application of a combination of plant extracts was suggested as a feasible strategy for improving the growth and productivity of onion plants by the study’s findings. More research is needed to comprehend the mechanisms by which plant extracts promote plant development and to optimize the concentration and timing of administration.