Epidemiological profile of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium Tubrculosis among Congolese patients

• Published in: Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials Vol. 20; no. 1; p. 84
• Main Authors: Elion Assiana, Darrel Ornelle, Abdul, Jabar Babatunde Pacôme Achimi, Linguissi, Laure Stella Ghoma, Epola, Micheska, Vouvoungui, Jeannhey Christevy, Mabiala, Albert, Biyogho, Christopher Mebiame, Ronald Edoa, Jean, Adegbite, Bayodé Roméo, Adegnika, Ayola Akim, Elton, Linzy, Canseco, Julio Ortiz, McHugh, Timothy D, Ahombo, Gabriel, Ntoumi, Francine
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 17-12-2021; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Anorexia; Antitubercular Agents - pharmacology; Antitubercular Agents - therapeutic use; Congo - epidemiology; Cross-Sectional Studies; Drug resistance; Drug resistance in microorganisms; Epidemiological profile; Epidemiology; Extensively drug-resistant TB; Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis - diagnosis; Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis - drug therapy; Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis - epidemiology; Female; Genotype & phenotype; Genotypes; Hepatitis; Hospitals; Humans; Infectious diseases; Informed consent; Laboratories; Line Probe Assay SL; Male; Medical research; Medical tests; Medicine, Experimental; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Mortality; Multidrug resistance; Multidrug resistant organisms; Multidrug-resistant TB; Mycobacterium tuberculosis - drug effects; Mycobacterium tuberculosis - genetics; Mycobacterium tuberculosis - isolation & purification; Patients; Population; Republic of Congo; Rifampin; Rifampin - pharmacology; Sociodemographics; Sputum; Sputum - microbiology; Tuberculosis; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant - drug therapy; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant - epidemiology; Xpert MTB / RIF; Young Adult; Congo; Congo (Brazzaville); United States > US; Germany; Epidemiological profile; Multidrug-resistant TB; Line Probe Assay SL; Xpert MTB / RIF; Extensively drug-resistant TB; Republic of Congo
• ISSN: 1476-0711; 1476-0711
• DOI: 10.1186/s12941-021-00488-x

There is paucity of data on the prevalence and distribution of multidrug- Resistant-Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in the Republic of Congo. Among the challenges resides the implementation of a robust TB resistance diagnostic program using molecular tools. In resource limited settings there is a need to gather data to enable prioritization of actions. The objective of this study was is to implement molecular tools as a best of diagnosing MDR and XDR-TB among presumptive tuberculosis patients referred to reference hospital of Makelekele in Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo.
We have conducted a cross-sectional study, including a total of 92 presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis patients and who had never received treatment recruited at the reference hospital of Makelekele from October 2018 to October 2019. The socio-demographic and clinical data were collected as well as sputum samples. Rifampicin resistance was investigated using Xpert (Cepheid) and second-line TB drugs Susceptibility testing were performed by the Brucker HAIN Line Probe Assay (GenoType MTBDRsl VER 2.0 assay) method.
From the 92 recruited patients, 57 (62%) were found positive for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. The prevalence of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) was 9.8% (9/92) and importantly 2.2% were pre-XDR/XDR.
This study showed a high rate of rifampicin resistance and the presence of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in the study area in new patients. This study highlights the need for further studies of TB drug resistance in the country.