The n -Butanol Extract Obtained from the Inner Bark of Tabebuia rosea (Bertol.) DC, Specioside, and Catalposide Induce Leukemia Cell Apoptosis in the Presence of Apicidin

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 29; no. 17; p. 3986
• Main Authors: Guerrero-Pepinosa, Nancy Yadira, Veloza, Luz Angela, Sepúlveda-Arias, Juan Carlos
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 23-08-2024
• Subjects: 1-Butanol - chemistry; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic - chemistry; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic - isolation & purification; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic - pharmacology; apicidin; Apoptosis; Apoptosis - drug effects; Cancer therapies; catalposide; Cell cycle; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation - drug effects; Cytotoxicity; Humans; iridoids; Jurkat Cells; Kinases; Leukemia; Leukemia - drug therapy; Leukemia - metabolism; Leukemia - pathology; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial - drug effects; Morphology; Mortality; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism; Peptides, Cyclic - chemistry; Peptides, Cyclic - isolation & purification; Peptides, Cyclic - pharmacology; Pharmaceutical industry; Phytochemicals; Plant Bark - chemistry; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Proteins; specioside; Tabebuia - chemistry; Tabebuia rosea; THP-1 Cells; South America; antineoplastic agents; Tabebuia rosea; apicidin; specioside; apoptosis; cancer; catalposide; cytotoxicity; iridoids
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules29173986

The cell signaling pathways involved in the antiproliferative activities of
inner bark remain unexplored. This study evaluated the apoptotic effects of two iridoids from the inner bark of
and apicidin on THP-1 cells. The cytotoxic effects of the extract and the pure compounds on THP-1 and Jurkat cells were also evaluated using the MTT assay. The apoptotic effect was determined by measuring the mitochondrial membrane potential. The expression of mRNA and MAPK kinase, Bax, and Bcl-2 proteins was detected by Western blotting and RT-qPCR, respectively. The extract and the compounds evaluated increased the percentage of apoptotic cells. Depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane was observed, and the number of cells in the G0/G1 phase increased. Catalposide and specioside significantly increased p38 protein expression, mostly in cells pretreated with apicidin. The p38 MAPK signaling pathway is at least one of the pathways by which the
-butanol extract obtained from
, catalposide, and specioside exerts its apoptotic effect on THP-1 cells, and this effect generates a response in the G0/G1 phase and subsequent cell death. In addition, there was depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane, an effect that was related to the participation of the proapoptotic protein Bax.