Protection Against Fusarium Head Blight: Important Defense Mechanisms Studied in Three Regenerated Egyptian Wheat Cultivars

• Published in: Journal of stress physiology & biochemistry Vol. 12; no. 3; pp. 18 - 43
• Main Authors: Hassanein, R A, Hashem, H A, Fahmy, A H, Ibrahim, A S, El Shihy, O M, Qaid, E A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English; Russian
• Published: Irkutsk Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch 01-01-2016; "Vikol publishing" ST Kolesnichenko V.V
• Subjects: Antioxidant enzymes; Antioxidants; Ascorbic acid; Catalase; Cereals; Cultivars; Embryos; Flavonoids; Fusarium; Fusarium graminearum; Fusarium head blight; Gibberella zeae; Inoculation; L-Ascorbate peroxidase; Metabolites; Peroxidase; Phenols; Phenylalanine ammonia lyase; Physiology; Plant growth; Proline; regenerated plant; Secondary metabolites; Shoots; wheat; вторичные метаболиты
• ISSN: 1997-0838; 1997-0838

Fusarium graminearum is one of the major global pathogens of cereals and is considered the main causal agent of Fusarium head blight (FHB) disease in wheat. F. graminearum leads to severe losses in grain yield and quality of wheat. In the present study, immature embryos of three Egyptian wheat cultivars (Giza 164, Sids 1 and Bani Suef 6) have been used to highlight the physiological changes in wheat plants in response to treatment with different concentrations of Fugal Culture Filtrate (5%, 10%, 20% and 40%). Samples were taken at 5, 10 and 15 days after inoculation. The three studied wheat cultivars exhibited different responses for inoculation with different concentrations of FCF. However, inoculation with 20% FCF significantly increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase) in shoots of wheat cultivars compared with uninoculated ones. In addition, proline and secondary metabolites (total phenol and flavonoids) significantly increased throughout the experimental period. Our results also proved that in addition to the common protective mechanisms detected in all the infected cultivars there are cultivar – dependent physiological changes exhibited by wheat plant during abiotic stress.