Neutrophilic asthma: current prospects. A review

• Published in: Consilium medicum (Online) Vol. 26; no. 3; pp. 187 - 192
• Main Authors: Viliya V. Gaynitdinova, Zamira M. Merzhoeva, Alena A. Aleksandrova
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Russian
• Published: ZAO "Consilium Medicum" 01-05-2024
• Subjects: asthma; biological preparations; biomarkers; eosinophils; inflammation; neutrophils; treatment
• ISSN: 2075-1753; 2542-2170
• DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2024.3.202658

Asthma, caused by eosinophilic inflammation of the airways, is caused by exposure to allergen, is well treated with glucocorticostroids or monoclonal antibodies to interleukin-4 and 5, but some patients do not develop an answer to this therapy. The given type of asthma is classified as non-eosinophilic asthma. Depending on the proportion of infiltrating cells, non-eosinophilic asthma can be divided into neutrophil asthma (NA), mixed granulocytic asthma, and small ranulocytic asthma. It should be noted that the NA criteria are not clearly defined. For example, in one study, inflammation is thought to be neutrophilic with less than 2.5% of eosinophils and more than 65% of neutrophils in the sputum, while in another study 61% of neutrophils and more are thought to be. The role of neutrophils in asthma has been studied, but there is debate about the presence of NA. Several studies have shown that neutrophilic inflammation is associated with severe asthma and the risk of increased asthma. The article considers pathogenesis, definition, biomarkers NA and potential therapy NA.