Running shared mental models as a distributed cognitive process

• Published in: The British journal of psychology Vol. 91; no. 4; pp. 513 - 531
• Main Authors: Banks, Adrian P., Millward, Lynne J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01-11-2000; British Psychological Society; John Wiley & Sons, Inc; Cambridge University Press
• Subjects: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Biological and medical sciences; Cognition; Cognition & reasoning; Communication; Cooperative Behavior; Experimental psychology; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Group dynamics; Group problem solving; Group Processes; Humans; Information processing; Male; Mental models; Methods; Models, Psychological; Problem Solving; Psychological aspects; Psychology; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychology. Psychophysiology; Reasoning; Shared activities; Social interactions. Communication. Group processes; Social psychology; Teams; Teamwork; Video Games; United Kingdom; Human; Cognition; Experimental study; Social interaction; Work team; Mental model
• ISSN: 0007-1269; 2044-8295
• DOI: 10.1348/000712600161961

Shared mental models theory normally takes the individual as its unit of analysis. This paper proposes a theoretical framework for studying shared mental models in which the model is considered to be distributed amongst the team. From this framework a cognitive process is predicted which describes how shared mental models are run. A team reasoning task requiring planning was used to illustrate this framework and test predictions derived from it. Two aspects of sharing mental models were studied; the degree of overlap between team members mental models and the organization of the division of the model between team members. Experimental results showed that the cognitive processes used were distributed amongst the team and support was found for most, but not all, aspects of the proposed process of running a shared mental model. The organization of sharing was found to influence this process. NOTE: Since the publication of this paper a systematic error has been discovered which led to an incorrect reporting of some of the degrees of freedom and standard deviations in this paper (affecting table two and six related ANOVAs). These errors do not entail a change to the interpretation of the inferential tests or the conclusions of the paper, but a portion of the data is inaccurate. For more information please contact Adrian Banks ([e-mail])