Weight Growth Velocity and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 10; no. 9; p. e0139014
• Main Authors: Maruyama, Hidehiko, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Kono, Yumi, Kusuda, Satoshi, Fujimura, Masanori
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 24-09-2015; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Age; Birth weight; Body Weight; Child Development; Childbirth & labor; Complications and side effects; Confidence Intervals; Death; Developmental neurology; Humans; Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight - growth & development; Infant, Newborn; Infants; Inspection; Logistic Models; Low birth weight; Lung diseases; Maternal & child health; Methods; Mortality; Neonates; Nervous System - growth & development; Neurodevelopmental disorders; Newborn babies; Nondestructive testing; Odds Ratio; Pediatrics; Physiological aspects; Pregnancy; Regression analysis; Respiratory distress syndrome; Statistical analysis; Velocity; Weight gain; Japan
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139014

This study aimed to assess whether weight growth velocity (WGV) predicts neurodevelopmental outcomes in extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWIs).
Subjects were infants who weighed 501-1000 g at birth and were included in the cohort of the Neonatal Research Network of Japan (2003-2007). Patel's exponential model (EM) method was used to calculate WGV between birth and discharge. Assessment of predictions of death or neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) was performed at 3 years of age based on the WGV score, which was categorized by per one increase in WGV. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).
In the 2961 ELBWIs assessed, the median WGV was 10.5 g/kg/day (interquartile, 9.4-11.9). With the categorical approach, the adjusted odds ratios for death or NDI with WGV scores of 6 and 7 were 2.41 (95%CI, 1.60-3.62) and 1.81 (95%CI, 1.18-2.75), respectively, relative to the reference WGV score of 10. WGV scores ≥8 did not predict death or NDI.
WGV scores <8 were significant predictors suggesting that values of WGV during hospitalization in a NICU are associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes. Further investigations is necessary to determine whether additional nutritional support may improve low WGV in ELBWIs.