The contributory role of gut microbiota in cardiovascular disease

• Published in: The Journal of clinical investigation Vol. 124; no. 10; pp. 4204 - 4211
• Main Authors: Tang, W H Wilson, Hazen, Stanley L
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States American Society for Clinical Investigation 01-10-2014
• Subjects: Animals; Atherosclerosis; Atherosclerosis - complications; Atherosclerosis - microbiology; Biomedical research; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases - complications; Cardiovascular Diseases - microbiology; Carnitine - chemistry; Choline - chemistry; Deoxyribonucleic acid; Diet; Disease prevention; DNA; Female; Food; Health aspects; Host-bacteria relationships; Humans; Influence; Intestines - microbiology; Male; Medical research; Medicine, Experimental; Metabolic disorders; Metabolites; Methylamines - chemistry; Microbiota; Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms); Oxygenases - chemistry; Pathogenesis; Phosphatidylcholines - chemistry; Physiology; Plasma; Review; Risk factors; Studies
• ISSN: 0021-9738; 1558-8238
• DOI: 10.1172/jci72331

Our group recently discovered that certain dietary nutrients possessing a trimethylamine (TMA) moiety, namely choline/phosphatidylcholine and L-carnitine, participate in the development of atherosclerotic heart disease. A meta-organismal pathway was elucidated involving gut microbiota-dependent formation of TMA and host hepatic flavin monooxygenase 3-dependent (FMO3-dependent) formation of TMA-N-oxide (TMAO), a metabolite shown to be both mechanistically linked to atherosclerosis and whose levels are strongly linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks. Collectively, these studies reveal that nutrient precursors, gut microbiota, and host participants along the meta-organismal pathway elucidated may serve as new targets for the prevention and treatment of CVD.