Sound therapy in the treotment of tinnitus

• Published in: Medicinskij sovet no. 18; pp. 140 - 148
• Main Authors: Levina, E. A., Levin, S. V., Dvoryanchikov, V. V., Kuzovkov, V. E.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 13-11-2024
• ISSN: 2079-701X; 2658-5790
• DOI: 10.21518/ms2024-484

Tinnitus is currently a serious problem of rhinolaryngology, leads to a significant decrease in the quality of human life, limits his ability to household, social and professional activities. It has a high prevalence and occurs in 10-15% of the adult population, while in 1-3% of cases a severe form of the disease is observed. There are more than 60 treatments for ear noise in the world. These include drug therapy; physiotherapeutic effects that allow stimulating various parts of the auditory pathway from the hair cells of the cochlea, the nuclei of the brain stem, the medulla oblongata, the temporal gyri of the cerebral cortex; sound therapy, as well as the use of technical means audio maskers, hearing aids, implants. The aim of this review is to highlight the current state of the issue, to analyze the sound-activating methods of rehabilitation of patients with tinnitus proposed in world practice. Such a variety of techniques is due to the polyethological nature of the factors causing tinnitus and the empirical approach to treatment. A significant arsenal of medications and surgical interventions used to treat pathological auditory sensations often turns out to be far from universal and often ineffective. It should be noted that with an increase in the prescription of subjective tinnitus, the effectiveness of drug therapy decreases and, in turn, the importance of rehabilitation therapies increases. Most modern methods of treating this pathology are based on the principles of neuroplasticity the ability of the central nervous system to structurally and functionally reorganize. Recently, much attention has been paid to non-drug treatment methods, including the method of reeducation (sound therapy).