Olive oil and vitamin D synergistically prevent bone loss in mice

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 9; no. 12; p. e115817
• Main Authors: Tagliaferri, Camille, Davicco, Marie-Jeanne, Lebecque, Patrice, Georgé, Stéphane, Amiot, Marie-Jo, Mercier, Sylvie, Dhaussy, Amélie, Huertas, Alain, Walrand, Stéphane, Wittrant, Yohann, Coxam, Véronique
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 31-12-2014; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Animals; Biology and Life Sciences; Body Composition - drug effects; Bone and Bones - metabolism; Bone and Bones - pathology; Bone Demineralization, Pathologic - prevention & control; Bone density; Bone Density - drug effects; Bone Density Conservation Agents - therapeutic use; Bone loss; Bone mass; Bone mineral density; Bone remodeling; Bone turnover; Computer architecture; Diet, Mediterranean; Dietary Fats, Unsaturated - therapeutic use; Drug Synergism; Estrogens - deficiency; Female; Gene expression; Human health and pathology; Kinases; Life Sciences; Medicine and Health Sciences; Mediterranean diet; Metabolism; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nutrition; Oils & fats; Olive Oil; Ovariectomy; Oxidative metabolism; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Plant Oils - therapeutic use; Polyphenols; Polyphenols - metabolism; Studies; Synergistic effect; Vitamin D; Vitamin D - therapeutic use; Vitamin D3; OXIDATIVE STRESS; MINERAL DENSITY; PHENOLIC-COMPOUNDS; MEDITERRANEAN DIET; INFLAMMATION-INDUCED OSTEOPOROSIS; NITRIC-OXIDE; ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM; OVARIECTOMY/INFLAMMATION EXPERIMENTAL-MODEL; MACROPHAGE ACTIVATION; OVARIECTOMIZED MICE
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115817

As the Mediterranean diet (and particularly olive oil) has been associated with bone health, we investigated the impact of extra virgin oil as a source of polyphenols on bone metabolism. In that purpose sham-operated (SH) or ovariectomized (OVX) mice were subjected to refined or virgin olive oil. Two supplementary OVX groups were given either refined or virgin olive oil fortified with vitamin D3, to assess the possible synergistic effects with another liposoluble nutrient. After 30 days of exposure, bone mineral density and gene expression were evaluated. Consistent with previous data, ovariectomy was associated with increased bone turnover and led to impaired bone mass and micro-architecture. The expression of oxidative stress markers were enhanced as well. Virgin olive oil fortified with vitamin D3 prevented such changes in terms of both bone remodeling and bone mineral density. The expression of inflammation and oxidative stress mRNA was also lower in this group. Overall, our data suggest a protective impact of virgin olive oil as a source of polyphenols in addition to vitamin D3 on bone metabolism through improvement of oxidative stress and inflammation.