Serum concentration and vascular expression of adiponectin are differentially associated with the diabetic calcifying peripheral arteriopathy

• Published in: Diabetology and metabolic syndrome Vol. 11; no. 1; p. 32
• Main Authors: Aubert, Carole E, Liabeuf, Sophie, Amouyal, Chloé, Kemel, Salim, Lajat-Kiss, Frédérique, Lacorte, Jean-Marc, Halbron, Marine, Carlier, Aurélie, Salem, Joe-Elie, Funck-Brentano, Christian, Perisic Matic, Ljubica, Witasp, Anna, Stenvinkel, Peter, Phan, Franck, Massy, Ziad A, Hartemann, Agnès, Bourron, Olivier
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 29-04-2019; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Adiponectin; Arteries; Arteriosclerosis; Atherosclerosis; Calcification; Calcification (ectopic); Calcification (Physiology); Cardiology and cardiovascular system; Cardiovascular disease; CAT scans; Complications and side effects; Coronary vessels; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Diabetics; Diagnostic imaging; Endocrinology and metabolism; Genetic aspects; Heart attacks; Heart failure; Human health and pathology; Immunohistochemistry; Kidney diseases; Knee; Laboratories; Life Sciences; Medical imaging; Medical research; Medicin och hälsovetenskap; Mortality; Peripheral arterial disease; Peripheral vascular diseases; Regression analysis; Risk factors; Smooth muscle; Systematic review; Type 2 diabetes; Ultrasonic imaging; Ultrasonography; Ultrasound imaging; Vascular calcification; France; Type 2 diabetes; Peripheral arterial disease; Vascular calcification; Adiponectin; Vascular calcifcation
• ISSN: 1758-5996; 1758-5996
• DOI: 10.1186/s13098-019-0429-7

Medial calcification in diabetes contributes to the arterial occlusive process occurring below the knee level. Adiponectin is an adipokine with atheroprotective properties and possible protective role against arterial calcification. The aim of the study was to investigate, in type 2 diabetes, the link between vascular expression and serum concentration of adiponectin and (1) peripheral arterial calcification and (2) lower limb occlusive arterial disease.
Scoring of peripheral vascular calcification and peripheral arterial occlusive disease, using CT-scan and color-duplex ultrasonography respectively, were conducted and explored in relation to serum adiponectin level in a cross sectional study of 197 patients with type 2 diabetes. Vascular adiponectin expression in the arterial wall of diabetic patients with and without medial calcification was evaluated by immunohistochemistry.
Peripheral arterial calcification score was higher in patients with the highest adiponectin concentration. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, an increase of 1 µg/mL of adiponectin was associated with a 22% increase of arterial calcification (adjusted OR = 1.22; 95% CI 1.03-1.44; p = 0.02). Arterial occlusive score was also higher in patients with adiponectin concentration > median (2.8 ± 4.8 vs 4.2 ± 5.7, p = 0.034). Immunohistochemical analyses showed a strong and specific staining of adiponectin in smooth muscle cells in calcified arteries, with a more pronounced expression of adiponectin in early stages of medial calcification.
Peripheral arterial calcification is positively associated with circulating adiponectin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes, but vascular adiponectin expression is already observed at early stages of calcification. Adiponectin secretion could be a compensatory mechanism against the calcification process.
DIACART NCT number: NCT02431234. Registered 30 April 2015.