Wound Healing Effect of Slightly Acidic Electrolyzed Water on Cutaneous Wounds in Hairless Mice via Immune-Redox Modulation

• Published in: Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin Vol. 40; no. 9; pp. 1423 - 1431
• Main Authors: You, Hae Sun, Fadriquela, Ailyn, Sajo, Ma Easter Joy, Bajgai, Johny, Ara, Jesmin, Kim, Cheol Su, Kim, Soo-Ki, Oh, Jin Rok, Shim, Kwang Yong, Lim, Hyun Kyo, Lee, Kyu-Jae
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Japan The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2017; Pharmaceutical Society of Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency
• Subjects: Alcohols; Animals; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - metabolism; Betadine; Calcium; Calcium (intracellular); Calcium - metabolism; Catalase; Chlorine; Cytokines; Cytokines - metabolism; Disinfectants; Electrolysis; Female; Food industry; Food processing industry; Gelatinase B; Glutathione peroxidase; Hairless; Immune response; Immunologic Factors - pharmacology; Inflammation; Interleukin 6; Matrix Metalloproteinases - metabolism; Mice; Mice, Hairless; Nitric Oxide - metabolism; Oxidation; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative stress; pH effects; Reactive oxygen species; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism; Rodents; Skin; Skin - pathology; slightly acidic electrolyzed water; Tumor necrosis factor-α; Ultraviolet radiation; Water - chemistry; Water - pharmacology; Wound healing; Wound Healing - drug effects; Wounds and Injuries - pathology; slightly acidic electrolyzed water; wound healing; immune response; oxidative stress
• ISSN: 0918-6158; 1347-5215
• DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b17-00219

Acidic electrolyzed water is an innovative sanitizer having a wide-spectrum of applications in food industry, and healthcare industry but little is known on its effect and mechanism in wound healing. The study was conducted to identify the effect and mechanism of slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) on cutaneous wounds in hairless mice. SAEW (pH: 5–6.5, oxidation reduction potential: 800 mV, chlorine concentration: 25 ppm) was prepared through electrolysis of water and was applied to the wounds of hairless mice three times a day for seven days. Wound size, immune response and oxidative stress were explored and compared to conventional agents such as Betadine and alcohol. We found that SAEW-treated group showed the highest wound reduction percentage (p<0.01). Antioxidant activities such as glutathione peroxidase, catalase and myeloperoxidase activities of SAEW group surpassed the total reactive oxygen species in skin. Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related-factor-2 and aryl hydrocarbon receptor were upregulated in SAEW group. Further, SAEW recruited the production of intracellular calcium and promoted its utilization for faster healing. In line, SAEW treatment decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, keratinocyte chemoattractant, and tumor necrosis factor-α] in serum. Other hallmarks of wound healing, matrixmetalloproteinases (MMP)1 and MMP9 were also upregulated. Collectively, our study indicates that SAEW is effective in wound healing of hairless mice via immune-redox modulation, and heals better/faster than conventional agents.