Language and imagery: effects of language modality

Across spoken languages, properties of wordforms (e.g. the sounds in the word hammer) do not generally evoke mental images associated to meanings. However, across signed languages, many signforms readily evoke mental images (e.g. the sign HAMMER resembles the motion involved in hammering). Here we a...

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Published in:	Proceedings of the Royal Society. B, Biological sciences Vol. 272; no. 1574; pp. 1859 - 1863
Main Authors:	Vigliocco, Gabriella, Vinson, David P, Woolfe, Tyron, Dye, Matthew W.G, Woll, Bencie
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	London The Royal Society 07-09-2005
Subjects:	Adult American sign language Analysis of Variance England Female Hammers Humans Imagery Imagination - physiology Judgment - physiology Language Male Mental imagery Nouns Persons With Hearing Impairments Saliency Scissors Semantics Sign Language Sign Languages Verbs Words England
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Abstract	Across spoken languages, properties of wordforms (e.g. the sounds in the word hammer) do not generally evoke mental images associated to meanings. However, across signed languages, many signforms readily evoke mental images (e.g. the sign HAMMER resembles the motion involved in hammering). Here we assess the relationship between language and imagery, comparing the performance of English speakers and British sign language (BSL) signers in meaning similarity judgement tasks. In experiment 1, we found that BSL signers used these imagistic properties in making meaning similarity judgements, in contrast with English speakers. In experiment 2, we found that English speakers behaved more like BSL signers when asked to develop mental images for the words before performing the same task. These findings show that language differences can bias users to attend more to those aspects of the world encoded in their language than to those that are not; and that language modality (spoken versus signed) can affect the degree to which imagery is involved in language.
AbstractList	Across spoken languages, properties of wordforms (e.g. the sounds in the word hammer ) do not generally evoke mental images associated to meanings. However, across signed languages, many signforms readily evoke mental images (e.g. the sign HAMMER resembles the motion involved in hammering). Here we assess the relationship between language and imagery, comparing the performance of English speakers and British sign language (BSL) signers in meaning similarity judgement tasks. In experiment 1, we found that BSL signers used these imagistic properties in making meaning similarity judgements, in contrast with English speakers. In experiment 2, we found that English speakers behaved more like BSL signers when asked to develop mental images for the words before performing the same task. These findings show that language differences can bias users to attend more to those aspects of the world encoded in their language than to those that are not; and that language modality (spoken versus signed) can affect the degree to which imagery is involved in language. ) do not generally evoke mental images associated to meanings. However, across signed languages, many signforms readily evoke mental images (e.g. the sign HAMMER resembles the motion involved in hammering). Here we assess the relationship between language and imagery, comparing the performance of English speakers and British sign language (BSL) signers in meaning similarity judgement tasks. In experiment 1, we found that BSL signers used these imagistic properties in making meaning similarity judgements, in contrast with English speakers. In experiment 2, we found that English speakers behaved more like BSL signers when asked to develop mental images for the words before performing the same task. These findings show that language differences can bias users to attend more to those aspects of the world encoded in their language than to those that are not; and that language modality (spoken versus signed) can affect the degree to which imagery is involved in language. Across spoken languages, properties of wordforms (e.g. the sounds in the word hammer) do not generally evoke mental images associated to meanings. However, across signed languages, many signforms readily evoke mental images (e.g. the sign HAMMER resembles the motion involved in hammering). Here we assess the relationship between language and imagery, comparing the performance of English speakers and British sign language (BSL) signers in meaning similarity judgement tasks. In experiment 1, we found that BSL signers used these imagistic properties in making meaning similarity judgements, in contrast with English speakers. In experiment 2, we found that English speakers behaved more like BSL signers when asked to develop mental images for the words before performing the same task. These findings show that language differences can bias users to attend more to those aspects of the world encoded in their language than to those that are not; and that language modality (spoken versus signed) can affect the degree to which imagery is involved in language.
Author	Woll, Bencie Vigliocco, Gabriella Woolfe, Tyron Dye, Matthew W.G Vinson, David P
AuthorAffiliation	3 Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester Rochester, NY 14627, USA 1 Department of Psychology, University College London Gower Street, London WC1H 0AP, UK 2 Department of Language and Communication Science, City University Northampton Square, London EC1V 0HB, UK
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: 1 Department of Psychology, University College London Gower Street, London WC1H 0AP, UK – name: 2 Department of Language and Communication Science, City University Northampton Square, London EC1V 0HB, UK – name: 3 Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester Rochester, NY 14627, USA
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Snippet	) do not generally evoke mental images associated to meanings. However, across signed languages, many signforms readily evoke mental images (e.g. the sign... Across spoken languages, properties of wordforms (e.g. the sounds in the word hammer) do not generally evoke mental images associated to meanings. However,... Across spoken languages, properties of wordforms (e.g. the sounds in the word hammer ) do not generally evoke mental images associated to meanings. However,...
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SubjectTerms	Adult American sign language Analysis of Variance England Female Hammers Humans Imagery Imagination - physiology Judgment - physiology Language Male Mental imagery Nouns Persons With Hearing Impairments Saliency Scissors Semantics Sign Language Sign Languages Verbs Words
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Title	Language and imagery: effects of language modality
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