Tolerance for nutrient imbalance in an intermittently feeding herbivorous cricket, the Wellington tree weta

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 8; no. 12; p. e84641
• Main Authors: Wehi, Priscilla M, Raubenheimer, David, Morgan-Richards, Mary
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 17-12-2013; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Animals; Carbohydrates; Costs; Dimorphism; Ecology; Energy Intake; Feeding; Female; Food; Forage; Forages; Foraging behavior; Gryllidae; Herbivores; Herbivory; High carbohydrate diet; High protein diet; Insects; Laboratory experiments; Low carbohydrate diet; Low protein diet; Male; Males; New Zealand; Nutrient deficiency; Nutrient requirements; Nutrients; Optimization; Physiology; Proteins; Sexes; Sexual dimorphism; Target recognition; Trees; New Zealand
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084641

Organisms that regulate nutrient intake have an advantage over those that do not, given that the nutrient composition of any one resource rarely matches optimal nutrient requirements. We used nutritional geometry to model protein and carbohydrate intake and identify an intake target for a sexually dimorphic species, the Wellington tree weta (Hemideina crassidens). Despite pronounced sexual dimorphism in this large generalist herbivorous insect, intake targets did not differ by sex. In a series of laboratory experiments, we then investigated whether tree weta demonstrate compensatory responses for enforced periods of imbalanced nutrient intake. Weta pre-fed high or low carbohydrate: protein diets showed large variation in compensatory nutrient intake over short (<48 h) time periods when provided with a choice. Individuals did not strongly defend nutrient targets, although there was some evidence for weak regulation. Many weta tended to select high and low protein foods in a ratio similar to their previously identified nutrient optimum. These results suggest that weta have a wide tolerance to nutritional imbalance, and that the time scale of weta nutrient balancing could lie outside of the short time span tested here. A wide tolerance to imbalance is consistent with the intermittent feeding displayed in the wild by weta and may be important in understanding weta foraging patterns in New Zealand forests.