Genetically modified mesenchymal stem cell therapy for acute respiratory distress syndrome

• Published in: Stem cell research & therapy Vol. 10; no. 1; pp. 386 - 9
• Main Authors: Han, Jibin, Liu, Yuxiang, Liu, Hong, Li, Yuanyuan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 16-12-2019; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Acute Disease; Acute lung injury (ALI); Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); Adult respiratory distress syndrome; Alveoli; Analysis; Angiogenesis; Animals; Bioenergetics; Bone marrow; Clinical trials; Cytokines; Deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA; Gene therapy; Genes; Genetic modification; Genetically modified organisms; Growth factors; Humans; Immunomodulation; Inflammation; Management; Mechanical ventilation; Medical research; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation - methods; Mesenchymal stem cells; Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs); Mesenchymal Stem Cells - cytology; Mesenchymal Stem Cells - physiology; Mesenchyme; Mitochondria; Paracrine signalling; Permeability; Respiratory distress syndrome; Respiratory Distress Syndrome - prevention & control; Respiratory Distress Syndrome - therapy; Respiratory insufficiency; Retirement benefits; Review; Signal transduction; Stem cell transplantation; Stem cells; Transfection; Ultrasonic imaging; Vectors (Biology); United Kingdom; Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs); Acute lung injury (ALI); Gene therapy; Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); Genetic modification
• ISSN: 1757-6512; 1757-6512
• DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1518-0

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a devastating hypoxemic respiratory failure, characterized by disruption of the alveolar-capillary membrane barrier. Current management for ARDS remains supportive, including lung-protective ventilation and a conservative fluid strategy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a potentially attractive candidate for the management of ARDS through facilitating lung tissue regeneration and repair by releasing paracrine soluble factors. Over the last decade, a variety of strategies have emerged to optimize MSC-based therapy. Among these, the strategy using genetically modified MSCs has received increased attention recently due to its distinct advantage, in conferring incremental migratory capacity and, enhancing the anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, angiogenic, and antifibrotic effects of these cells in numerous preclinical ARDS models, which may in turn provide additional benefits in the management of ARDS. Here, we provide an overview of recent studies testing the efficacy of genetically modified MSCs using preclinical models of ARDS.