The impact of repeated marathon running on cardiovascular function in the aging population

• Published in: Journal of cardiovascular magnetic resonance Vol. 14; no. 1; p. 58
• Main Authors: Karlstedt, Erin, Chelvanathan, Anjala, Da Silva, Megan, Cleverley, Kelby, Kumar, Kanwal, Bhullar, Navdeep, Lytwyn, Matthew, Bohonis, Sheena, Oomah, Sacha, Nepomuceno, Roman, Du, Xiaozhou, Melnyk, Steven, Zeglinski, Matthew, Ducas, Robin, Sefidgar, Mehdi, Mackenzie, Scott, Sharma, Sat, Kirkpatrick, Iain D, Jassal, Davinder S
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 20-08-2012; BioMed Central; Elsevier
• Subjects: Age; Aging - physiology; Biological markers; Biomarkers; Cardiac biomarkers; Cardiac computed tomography; Cardiomyopathies - complications; Cardiomyopathies - diagnosis; Cardiomyopathies - physiopathology; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular diseases; Cardiovascular magnetic resonance; Coronary heart disease; Diagnosis; Echocardiography; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Heart attacks; Humans; Injuries; Internal medicine; Magnetic resonance; Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine - methods; Male; Marathon running; Marathons; Mathematical analysis; Mathematical models; Medical imaging; Medical research; Medicine, Experimental; Middle Aged; Myocardium - metabolism; Myocardium - pathology; Occult sciences; Physical Endurance - physiology; Physiological aspects; Prospective Studies; Pulmonary arteries; Recreational vehicles; Running; Running - physiology; Running in; Severity of Illness Index; Tomography; Track & field; Ventricular Dysfunction, Right - diagnosis; Ventricular Dysfunction, Right - etiology; Ventricular Dysfunction, Right - physiopathology; Ventricular Function, Right - physiology; Canada
• ISSN: 1097-6647; 1532-429X; 1532-429X
• DOI: 10.1186/1532-429x-14-58

Several studies have correlated elevations in cardiac biomarkers of injury post marathon with transient and reversible right ventricular (RV) systolic dysfunction as assessed by both transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). Whether or not permanent myocardial injury occurs due to repeated marathon running in the aging population remains controversial.
To assess the extent and severity of cardiac dysfunction after the completion of full marathon running in individuals greater than 50 years of age using cardiac biomarkers, TTE, cardiac computed tomography (CCT), and CMR.
A total of 25 healthy volunteers (21 males, 55 ± 4 years old) from the 2010 and 2011 Manitoba Full Marathons (26.2 miles) were included in the study. Cardiac biomarkers and TTE were performed one week prior to the marathon, immediately after completing the race and at one-week follow-up. CMR was performed at baseline and within 24 hours of completion of the marathon, followed by CCT within 3 months of the marathon.
All participants demonstrated an elevated cTnT post marathon. Right atrial and ventricular volumes increased, while RV systolic function decreased significantly immediately post marathon, returning to baseline values one week later. Of the entire study population, only two individuals demonstrated late gadolinium enhancement of the subendocardium in the anterior wall of the left ventricle, with evidence of stenosis of the left anterior descending artery on CCT.
Marathon running in individuals over the age of 50 is associated with a transient, yet reversible increase in cardiac biomarkers and RV systolic dysfunction. The presence of myocardial fibrosis in older marathon athletes is infrequent, but when present, may be due to underlying occult coronary artery disease.