Can follow up lung ultrasound in Coronavirus Disease-19 patients indicate clinical outcome?

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 16; no. 8; p. e0256359
• Main Authors: Hoffmann, Tatjana, Bulla, Peter, Jödicke, Lisa, Klein, Constantin, Bott, Sarah M, Keller, Ronald, Malek, Nisar, Fröhlich, Eckhart, Göpel, Siri, Blumenstock, Gunnar, Fusco, Stefano
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: San Francisco Public Library of Science 25-08-2021; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Biology and Life Sciences; Clinical outcomes; Coronaviruses; COVID-19; Disease transmission; Evaluation; Gastroenterology; Hepatology; Hospitals; Internal medicine; Irregularities; Lung diseases; Lungs; Medicine; Medicine and Health Sciences; Mortality; Oncology; Patients; Physical Sciences; Research and Analysis Methods; Risk factors; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Statistical analysis; Ultrasonic imaging; Ultrasound; Ultrasound imaging; Viral diseases; Germany
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256359

Purpose To evaluate whether there is a change in findings of coronavirus disease 2019 patients in follow up lung ultrasound and to determine whether these findings can predict the development of severe disease. Materials and methods In this prospective monocentric study COVID-19 patients had standardized lung ultrasound (12 area evaluation) at day 1, 3 and 5. The primary end point was detection of pathologies and their change over time. The secondary end point was relationship between change in sonographic results and clinical outcome. Clinical outcome was assessed on development of severe disease defined as need for intensive care unit. Results Data of 30 patients were analyzed, 26 patients with follow-up lung ultrasound. All of them showed lung pathologies with dynamic patterns. 26,7% developed severe disease tending to have an ubiquitous lung involvement in lung ultrasound. In patients with need for intensive care unit a previously developed increase in B-lines, subpleural consolidations and pleural line irregularities was more common. A statistically significant association between change in B-lines as well as change in pleural line irregularities and development of severe disease was observed (p<0,01). Conclusion The present study demonstrates that follow up lung ultrasound can be a powerful tool to track the evolution of disease and suggests that lung ultrasound is able to indicate an impending development of severe disease in COVID-19 patients.