Lipid Dynamics due to Muscle Atrophy Induced by Immobilization

• Published in: Journal of Oleo Science Vol. 70; no. 7; pp. 937 - 946
• Main Authors: Kimura, Keisuke, Morisasa, Mizuki, Mizushige, Takafumi, Karasawa, Rikuo, Kanamaru, Chinatsu, Kabuyama, Yukihito, Hayasaka, Takahiro, Mori, Tsukasa, Goto-Inoue, Naoko
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Japan Japan Oil Chemists' Society 01-01-2021; Japan Science and Technology Agency
• Subjects: Animals; Atrophy; Chromatography; Chromatography, Liquid; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Cyclooxygenase 2 - metabolism; fatty acid; Fatty acids; Immobilization; Lipase - metabolism; lipid; Lipid metabolism; Lipids; Liquid chromatography; Male; Mass Spectrometry; Metabolism; muscle atrophy; Muscle, Skeletal - chemistry; Muscles; Muscular Atrophy - metabolism; Phosphatidylcholine; Phosphatidylcholines - analysis; Phosphatidylcholines - metabolism; Phosphatidylserines - analysis; Phosphatidylserines - metabolism; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Restraint, Physical - adverse effects; Restraint, Physical - physiology; Scientific imaging; Spectroscopy; Sphingomyelins - analysis; Sphingomyelins - metabolism; Thin layer chromatography; Triglycerides; Triglycerides - analysis; Triglycerides - metabolism; fatty acid; immobilization; muscle atrophy; lipid
• ISSN: 1345-8957; 1347-3352
• DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess21045

Muscle atrophy refers to skeletal muscle loss and dysfunction that affects glucose and lipid metabolism. Moreover, muscle atrophy is manifested in cancer, diabetes, and obesity. In this study, we focused on lipid metabolism during muscle atrophy. We observed that the gastrocnemius muscle was associated with significant atrophy with 8 days of immobilization of hind limb joints and that muscle atrophy occurred regardless of the muscle fiber type. Further, we performed lipid analyses using thin layer chromatography, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and mass spectrometry imaging. Total amounts of triacylglycerol, phosphatidylserine, and sphingomyelin were found to be increased in the immobilized muscle. Additionally, we found that specific molecular species of phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylcholine, and sphingomyelin were increased by immobilization. Furthermore, the expression of adipose triglyceride lipase and the activity of cyclooxygenase-2 were significantly reduced by atrophy. From these results, it was revealed that lipid accumulation and metabolic changes in specific fatty acids occur during disuse muscle atrophy. The present study holds implications in validating preventive treatment strategies for muscle atrophy.