Seroprevalence, risk associations, and cost analysis of screening for viral infections among patients of cataract surgery

• Published in: Indian journal of ophthalmology Vol. 66; no. 3; pp. 394 - 399
• Main Authors: Rewri, Parveen, Sharma, Madhavi, Vats, D, Singhal, Aparna
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: India Wolters Kluwer India Pvt. Ltd 01-03-2018; Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd; Medknow Publications & Media Pvt. Ltd; Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd; Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
• Subjects: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; AIDS; Anesthesia; Antibodies, Viral - blood; Barbers; Blood; Blood & organ donations; Blood - virology; Cataract; Cataract extraction; Cataract Extraction - statistics & numerical data; Cataracts; cost-analysis; Costs and Cost Analysis; Cross-Sectional Studies; Economic aspects; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Eye surgery; Female; Health aspects; Hepatitis; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B - diagnosis; Hepatitis B - economics; Hepatitis B - epidemiology; hepatitis b virus; Hepatitis C; Hepatitis C - diagnosis; Hepatitis C - economics; Hepatitis C - epidemiology; Hepatitis C virus; HIV; HIV Infections - diagnosis; HIV Infections - economics; HIV Infections - epidemiology; Human immunodeficiency virus; Humans; India - epidemiology; Infection; Infections; Joint surgery; Laboratories; Male; Medical research; Middle Aged; Needlestick injuries; Ophthalmology; Original; prevalence; Prospective Studies; Public health; Risk Factors; screening; Seroepidemiologic Studies; Serology; Studies; Surgeons; Surgery; Viral infections; Viruses; India; cost-analysis; hepatitis c virus; prevalence; Cataract; screening; human immunodeficiency virus; hepatitis b virus
• ISSN: 0301-4738; 1998-3689
• DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_726_17

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of blood-borne viral infections (triple H: HBV-hepatitis B virus, HCV-hepatitis C virus, and HIV-human immunodeficiency virus) among cataract patients, sought possible risk associations and discuss feasibility of universal preoperative screening. Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional study enrolled consecutive patients of senile cataract. They were screened by immunoassay-based rapid diagnostic card tests for blood-borne viral infections. Positive cases were confirmed with confirmatory ELISA tests. Seropositive patients were enquired about the exposure to possible risk associations for acquiring these infections. Cost of card test per patient was calculated. Results: The prevalence of seropositivity for triple H viral infections (HBV, HCV, and HIV) among patients of senile cataract was 5.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.3-6.6), and HCV was most common viral infection. The dental extraction was most common (54%; 95% CI:48-60) possible risk association. The total cost of primary screening per patient for triple H infections(HBV, HCV, and HIV) was $0.93. Conclusion: The prevalence of blood-borne viral infection among cataract patients is high in this area. Awareness of the prevalence of blood-borne viral infections in service area, along with knowledge of rate of accidental exposure and risk of transmission would help to understand cost-effectiveness of universal preoperative screening before cataract surgery.